Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41649715›Full record

SynthesisInternational urology and nephrology2026

Efficacy and safety of budesonide for the treatment of IgA nephropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Rayyan Nabi, Muhammad Ansab, Amna Hussain, Hamza Bin Ahmed, Najaf Ahmed Rajpar, Sabahat Ul Ain Munir Abbasi, Priyanka Keshav Lal, Owais Ahmad, Hanzala Ahmed Farooqi, Tabeer Zahid and 2 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
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In one paragraph

Synthesis in International urology and nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Rayyan NabiIslamic International Medical College, Riphah International University, 332, Street 12, Phase 4, Bahria Town Islamabad, Rawalpindi, 46220, Pakistan. drrayyannabi03@gmail.com.
Muhammad AnsabServices Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Amna HussainLiaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
Hamza Bin AhmedIslamic International Medical College, Riphah International University, 332, Street 12, Phase 4, Bahria Town Islamabad, Rawalpindi, 46220, Pakistan.
Najaf Ahmed RajparBilawal Medical College, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
Sabahat Ul Ain Munir AbbasiAllama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan.
Priyanka Keshav LalDow International Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.
Owais AhmadIslamic International Medical College, Riphah International University, 332, Street 12, Phase 4, Bahria Town Islamabad, Rawalpindi, 46220, Pakistan.
Hanzala Ahmed FarooqiIslamic International Medical College, Riphah International University, 332, Street 12, Phase 4, Bahria Town Islamabad, Rawalpindi, 46220, Pakistan.
Tabeer ZahidFoundation University Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad AhmedIslamic International Medical College, Riphah International University, 332, Street 12, Phase 4, Bahria Town Islamabad, Rawalpindi, 46220, Pakistan.
Zahid NabiKRL Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTargeted-release budesonide (TRF-budesonide) is a therapy developed to deliver corticosteroid to ileal Peyer's patches and has demonstrated efficacy in randomized trials (NEFIGAN, NefIgArd) for patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of budesonide formulations in IgAN.

methodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane through September 10, 2025. Eligible studies assessed budesonide in biopsy-proven IgAN. Outcomes included change in eGFR, percentage and absolute change in urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR), and adverse events. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed.

resultsNine studies (total N = 465; two RCTs) were included. In the comparative analysis of placebo-controlled trials, TRF-budesonide significantly attenuated eGFR decline compared to placebo (weighted mean difference [WMD] 4.53 mL/min/1.73 m

conclusionsCurrent evidence indicates that TRF-budesonide improves kidney function and reduces proteinuria in adults with IgAN, but conclusions are tempered by limited RCT data, heterogeneity, short follow-up, and sparse histologic end points. Larger, longer randomized trials with standardized outcomes are needed to confirm long-term benefit and safety.

Indexed as

BudesonideGlomerulonephritis, IGAGlucocorticoidsGlomerular Filtration RateHumansProteinuriaTreatment OutcomeBudesonideGlucocorticoidsBudesonideEnd-stage renal diseaseGlomerular filtration rateIgA nephropathyProteinuria

Identifiers

PMID41649715

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.