Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41649626›Full record

ReviewJournal of gastrointestinal cancer2026

Emergence of Liquid Biopsy in Precision Oncology: A Review of its diagnostic, Predictive and Therapeutic Applications in Gallbladder Cancer.

Doutrina Das, Ruhi Dixit, Manoj Pandey

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of gastrointestinal cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Doutrina DasDepartment of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
Ruhi DixitHTAIn Resource Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
Manoj PandeyDepartment of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India. mpandey66@bhu.ac.in.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGallbladder cancer (GBC) is associated with a poor prognosis due to the challenges in early diagnosis. The gallbladder's anatomical constraints make it difficult to obtain tumor tissue for histological analysis and diagnostic monitoring. Consequently, liquid biopsy (LB) has emerged as a vital technique for minimally invasive extraction of tumor-derived materials. This review explores various non-invasive methods for GBC screening, with a particular focus on liquid biopsy.

methodsA comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles published from 1994 to 2025. The key search terms were "Gallbladder cancer", Liquid biopsy" "cfDNA", "ctDNA", "CTCs", "Exosomes" and "Clinical trial". Relevant articles on the subsections were included in this narrative literature review.

conclusionLiquid biopsy, one of the most promising and innovative diagnostic tools, was analyzed in detail, including its application in clinical studies for GBC. Despite its challenges, and varied results, this method shows potential for early GBC detection and treatment. Tissue specimens often fail to capture the dynamic evolution of cancer genomes and the genetic heterogeneity of metastatic cancers, while liquid biopsies, being more sensitive than cytology, can enhance the diagnosis and monitoring of GBC at various stages. This approach, thus, harbors the potential to facilitate cancer genetic profiling, paving the way for precision oncology strategies.

Indexed as

Gallbladder NeoplasmsPrecision MedicineBiomarkers, TumorCirculating Tumor DNAEarly Detection of CancerHumansLiquid BiopsyNeoplastic Cells, CirculatingPrognosisBiomarkers, TumorCirculating Tumor DNACfDNAClinical trialsCTCsCtDNAExosomes. gallbladder cancer (GBC)Liquid biopsy

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.