Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41648258›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Odor Sampling Bags Enable Reliable Delivery of Controlled Odor Concentrations.

Matthew Andres, Robert Pellegrino, Xuebo Song, Fernanda Ocampos, Joel D Mainland

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Matthew AndresMonell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-7787-7473
Robert PellegrinoMonell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7436-8826
Xuebo SongMonell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Fernanda OcamposMonell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0373-7396
Joel D MainlandMonell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5056-4598

Funding

The Structure of Olfactory Neural and Perceptual SpacesU19NS112953 · NINDS · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI RINBERG, DMITRY · 2019 to 2023
$18.4M
INTERDISCIPLINARY TRAINING IN THE CHEMICAL SENSEST32DC000014 · NIDCD · MONELL CHEMICAL SENSES CENTER · PI PAMELA HELEN DALTON, Joel D Mainland · 1989 to 2026
$6.2M
Predicting Human Olfactory Perception from Molecular StructureR01DC017757 · NIDCD · MONELL CHEMICAL SENSES CENTER · PI MAINLAND, JOEL D · 2020 to 2024
$2.0M
Electrophysiological representations of odor in the human brainR01DC021663 · NIDCD · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI Christina Maria Zelano · 2024 to 2026
$2.0M
Biophysical models of human olfactory intensity perceptionF32DC020380 · NIDCD · MONELL CHEMICAL SENSES CENTER · PI PELLEGRINO, ROBERT · 2022 to 2023
$111k
NIDCD NIH HHS F32 DC020380NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC017757NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC021663NIDCD NIH HHS T32 DC000014NINDS NIH HHS U19 NS112953
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Precise control of odorant concentration is essential for reliable olfactory research, yet existing odorant delivery methods often suffer from solvent interactions and dilution from ambient air, limiting stimulus consistency in olfactory research. We developed an odor sampling bag system using Nalophan plastic to create a closed headspace with air as the carrier medium, eliminating solvent-related variability and ambient air dilution. In two independent experiments, 15 trained panelists each rated the perceived intensity of seven concentrations of benzaldehyde and 2-heptanone using both gas-sampling bags and glass jars. Bags produced higher maximum perceptual intensities (p < 0.001) and greater test-retest reliability than jars (Experiment 1: r = 0.89 vs. 0.81, p < 0.001; Experiment 2: r = 0.86 vs. 0.72, p < 0.001). Notably, the two tested odorants showed different maximum intensities in bags (p < 0.001) but not jars (p = 0.85), suggesting bags better preserve odorant-specific concentration differences. Photoionization detector measurements confirmed stable headspace concentrations over time, comparable to industry-standard Tedlar bags. This cost-effective approach offers improved stimulus control for olfactory psychophysics research.

Indexed as

Gas-Sampling BagsOdorant Concentration ConsistencyOlfactometry MethodsOlfactory Stimulus ControlPsychophysical Odor Testing

Identifiers

PMID41648258
PMCPMC12871223

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.