ReviewMediterranean journal of rheumatology2026
The Pathophysiological Significance of Dual Inhibition of IL-17A and IL-17F in Psoriatic Arthritis and Axial Spondyloarthritis.
Review in Mediterranean journal of rheumatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Exploring pathogenetic mechanisms in subglottic stenosis: A narrative review toward an integrated molecular classification.Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Spondylarthritides (SpA), including psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) are immune-mediated diseases in which the IL-23/IL-17 axis plays a central role. IL-17A inhibition is already a well-established and effective treatment strategy. Emerging evidence suggests that IL-17F, a cytokine closely related to IL-17A but less potent, is not a passive bystander but a key participant in chronic sustained inflammation and therapeutic escape, offering a compelling concept for dual inhibition. This review aims to examine the pathophysiological significance of dual inhibition of IL-17A and IL-17F in psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis. Methods: Conducting a search through PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science, using keywords and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms such as "spondyloarthritis", "psoriatic arthritis", "IL-17A", "IL-17F", "IL-23", "IL-23 independent mechanisms", "dual inhibition", "pathogenesis", "gut-joint axis", "secukinumab", "ixekizumab", "bimekizumab", "sonelokimab", we select the relevant literature for this comprehensive pathophysiological narrative. Results: This review examines the distinct and synergistic functions of IL-17A and IL-17F in key tissues, including the synovium, enthesis, skin, gut, and eye, and their contribution to the paradoxical imbalance of bone remodelling. The advent of dual IL-17A/F inhibitors, particularly bimekizumab has revolutionised our therapeutic approach, offering a promising option for patients with difficult-to-treat SpA. We also discuss emerging technology agents, such as sonelokimab and izokibep. Conclusion: Inhibiting both IL-17A and IL-17F signifies not only a significant therapeutic advancement but also a vital strategy towards overcoming the limitations of our current armamentarium in achieving deeper and more sustained remission in SpA. Future studies and long-term data will be essential in determining the position of dual IL-17A/F inhibitors within treatment guidelines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.