ArticleFrontiers in oncology2025
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced AMPA2 antibody-positive encephalitis: a case report.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment but are associated with a range of immune-related adverse events, including neurological complications. We report the case of a 64-year-old man diagnosed with small-cell lung cancer who developed AMPA2 antibody-positive autoimmune encephalitis after receiving tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy. The patient presented with a 3-week history of cognitive decline following the second cycle of treatment. Extensive testing confirmed the presence of a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid 2 (AMPA2) antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum. The patient was treated with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin, resulting in significant improvement within 1 month. This case highlights the potential of ICIs to induce autoimmune encephalitis, which is a rare but serious complication. This finding underscores the importance of early recognition and prompt intervention in patients undergoing immunotherapy.
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