Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41647734›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2026

Epidemiological pattern and incidence estimation of infectious diarrhea before the COVID-19 pandemic: Beijing, China, 2015-2019.

Ruihan Xu, Yi Tian, Lei Jia, Gemixi Dedema, Jueqiong Zhao, Mei Qu, Weihong Li, Bing Lv, Xin Zhang, Ying Huang and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Ruihan XuSchool of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Yi TianGeneral Administration of Customs (Beijing) International Travel Health Care Center, Beijing, China.
Lei JiaBeijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.
Gemixi DedemaSchool of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Jueqiong ZhaoVanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Mei QuBeijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.
Weihong LiBeijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.
Bing LvBeijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.
Xin ZhangBeijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.
Ying HuangBeijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.
Zhaomin FengBeijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.
Quanyi WangBeijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.
Zhiyong GaoSchool of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Daitao ZhangSchool of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and estimate the incidence of infectious diarrhea in Beijing, China, 2015-2019. Methods: From January 2015 to December 2019, stool specimens and epidemiological data of diarrhea cases were collected from sentinel hospitals across all districts. Viral pathogens were detected by real time PCR or RT-PCR, including rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus, adenovirus and sapovirus. Bacterial pathogens were detected using culture, biochemical and serological assays, including Results: A total of 27,804 outpatients were included from 2015 to 2019. Among cases tested for viral pathogens ( Conclusion: Diarrhea remains a serious public health problem in Beijing, China. Norovirus, DEC, and rotavirus were the predominant pathogens among diarrhea outpatients in Beijing. Continuous surveillance is necessary for guiding prevention and control strategies.

Indexed as

COVID-19DiarrheaAdolescentAdultAgedBeijingChildChild, PreschoolFecesFemaleHumansIncidenceInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMiddle Ageddiarrheaepidemiological characteristicsoutpatientspathogensurveillance

Identifiers

PMID41647734
PMCPMC12868264

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.