Biointerface interaction regulation based on organic semiconducting polymers.

In complex biological systems, physical factors such as light and thermal energy affect normal physiological processes. When exposed to light stimulation, organic semiconducting polymers (OSPs) alter their physical/chemical properties through unique energy conversion capabilities, thereby regulating interfacial interactions with cells or microorganisms. In cellular interfacial interactions, ion channels act as key response elements to exogenous physical stimuli, precisely regulating physiological processes by mediating ion transmembrane transport; in microbial interfacial interactions, exogenous physical factors also significantly impact bacterial functional expression, drug resistance formation, and other aspects. In recent years, leveraging exogenous physical factors to achieve non-invasive or precise regulation of cellular/bacterial signaling pathways, molecular interactions, and metabolic processes has emerged as a frontier in physical biomedicine. Here, the latest research achievements of OSPs are summarized: under the action of external physical factors, they can regulate disease-related signaling pathways by modulating interfacial interactions with cells. Meanwhile, their regulation of microbial interfacial interactions can further affect the interactions between pathogens.