Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying Neurological and Neuropsychological Manifestations of COVID-19.

Samaneh Ghorbani Shirkouhi, Seyed Sepehr Khatami, Zohair Niroomand, Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad, Shahrokh Yousefzadeh-Chabok, Sasan Andalib

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Review in Innovations in clinical neuroscience. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Samaneh Ghorbani ShirkouhiMs. Ghorbani Shirkouhi is with the School of Medicine at Shahroud University of Medical Sciences in Shahroud, Iran.

Seyed Sepehr KhatamiDr. Khatami is with the Department of Neurology at the University of California, Irvine in Irvine, California.

Zohair NiroomandDr. Niroomand is with the Department of Neuroradiology at University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University in Mannheim, Germany.

Saeed Sadigh-EteghadDr. Sadigh-Eteghad is with Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC) at the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in Tabriz, Iran.

Shahrokh Yousefzadeh-ChabokDr. Yousefzadeh-Chabok is with the Neuroscience Research Center and the Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Trauma institute, Poursina Hospital at the Guilan University of Medical Sciences in Rasht, Iran.

Sasan AndalibDr. Andalib is with the Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark in Odense, Denmark; the Department of Neurology at Odense University Hospital in Odense, Denmark; and the Neuroscience Research Center, Trauma Institute, Guilan University of Medical Sciences in Rasht, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is associated with a wide range of neurological symptoms and neuropsychiatric conditions. SARS-CoV-2 shows various degrees of neurotropism. SARS-CoV-2 primarily targets respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts; however, it can affect other organs. Neurological and neuropsychological manifestations of COVID-19 have been reported. Several mechanisms are involved in these manifestations in COVID-19. Therefore, the present narrative review will take account of mechanisms underlying the neurological and neuropsychological manifestations in COVID-19.

methodsA literature search for relevant articles in different databases was made with a focus on recent publications for this narrative review.

resultsInflammation and thrombosis have been suggested to be mechanisms contributing to these manifestations. Also, renin-angiotensin system (RAS), transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), cathepsin B and L, furin, neuropilin-1 (NRP1), and sterile alpha motif and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) have been proposed to be involved in pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) have been suggested to have a role in SARS-CoV-2 entry into the central nervous system (CNS).

conclusionFurther investigation on the underlying mechanisms leading to SARS-CoV-2-associated neurological and neuropsychological manifestations is pivotal. Insights into these mechanisms will help the treatment strategies for patients with COVID-19 and such manifestations.

Indexed as

cellular mechanismsCOVID-19, SARS-CoV-2molecular mechanismsneurological manifestationsneuropsychological manifestations

Identifiers

PMID41647062

PMCPMC12872055

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