ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Case Report: Recurrent anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibody-associated encephalitis in a child.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of recurrent pediatric anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis and to enhance understanding of this disease. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of a pediatric patient with recurrent anti-GAD65 antibody-associated encephalitis. Results: The patient was a 7-year-old boy who presented with slurred speech and epileptic seizures in June 2024. Brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)demonstrated multiple abnormal signal intensities in the bilateral frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital cortical regions. Electroencephalogram (EEG) revealed focal epileptiform discharges and status epilepticus. His clinical condition improved following treatment with methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin. In November 2024, the child presented with a decline in mental status, generalized weakness, increased somnolence, reduced mobility and social interaction, gait instability, as well as accompanying headache and vomiting. Brain MRI demonstrated inflammatory involvement of the right cerebellar hemisphere. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed a white blood cell count of 17×10 Conclusions: We present a detailed case report of recurrent anti-GAD65 antibody-associated encephalitis in a pediatric patient, characterized by complex and variable clinical manifestations. Rituximab demonstrated therapeutic effectiveness in managing this recurrent condition.
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