ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2026
EARLY LIFE-COURSE PATTERNS OF REGISTRY-DEFINED SUBSEQUENT CANCERS AFTER HPV-RELATED MALIGNANCIES IN A U.S. POPULATION-BASED COHORT.
Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Subsequent primary malignancies following human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers represent an important survivorship concern. However, evidence remains limited regarding sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with registry-defined subsequent cancers among children, adolescents, and young adults in U.S. population-based cohorts. Methods: We conducted a retrospective population-based analysis of 1,326 individuals diagnosed with HPV-related cancers using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data. Registry-defined subsequent cancer was operationalized as the occurrence of additional primary HPV-related malignancies according to SEER multiple primary rules. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated associations with sex, age group, area-level socioeconomic status (Yost Index quintiles), persistent poverty census tract status, and primary cancer site. Sex-stratified analyses by cancer site were performed. Results: Registry-defined subsequent cancers were significantly associated with female sex and young adult age (20-29 years). Females had higher odds of subsequent cancer compared with males (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03-1.10), and individuals aged 20-29 years had higher odds than those aged 0-9 years (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.05-1.16). Associations persisted after adjustment for socioeconomic indicators. No significant associations were observed with Yost Index quintiles or persistent poverty. Sex-stratified analyses showed higher odds of subsequent cancer for anal cancer among males and vulvar cancer among females relative to oropharyngeal cancer. Conclusions: Sex and age are key determinants of registry-defined subsequent cancers following HPV-related malignancies, independent of area-level socioeconomic context. These findings support age- and sex-specific survivorship surveillance strategies across early life-course stages.
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