Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41645599›Full record

ArticleEpilepsia2026

Amygdala enlargement associated with remote epileptogenic lesions.

Horst Urbach, Theo Demerath, Alexander Rau, Dirk-Matthias Altenmüller, Marcel Heers, Samer Elsheikh

Abstract read
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Article in Epilepsia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Horst UrbachDepartment of Neuroradiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7264-4807
Theo DemerathDepartment of Neuroradiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5869-1110
Alexander RauDepartment of Neuroradiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5881-6043
Dirk-Matthias AltenmüllerDepartment of Epileptology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8610-2216
Marcel HeersDepartment of Epileptology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5545-7014
Samer ElsheikhDepartment of Neuroradiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3796-5709

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine the prevalence and possible causes of amygdala enlargement in patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy.

methodsPatients were retrospectively identified via a radiology information system and a large language model. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were visually re-analyzed and amygdala volumetry applied.

resultsThe term "amygdala" was used in 89 of 1853 patients. Of those, 54 had lesions in the amygdalae, 20 had isolated amygdala enlargements, and 15 patients had amygdala enlargements and remote epileptogenic lesions. Objective processing of imaging data confirmed higher amygdala volumes of both latter groups (2.09 ± 0.28 mL, 2.23 ± 0.33 mL vs 1.56 ± 0.22 mL). SIGNIFICANCE: When amygdala enlargement occurs with remote epileptogenic lesions and patients become seizure-free after remote lesion resection, amygdala enlargement is likely the consequence of seizures, but not their cause. In addition, isolated amygdala enlargements can be the consequence of epileptic seizures.

Indexed as

AmygdalaDrug Resistant EpilepsyEpilepsy, Temporal LobeAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesYoung Adultamygdalaepileptogenic lesionlarge language modeltemporal lobe epilepsy

Identifiers

PMID41645599
PMCPMC13179645

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