A decadal analysis of drinking water quality and nitrate-related health risk assessment in groundwater sources: a case study of Poldasht County, Northwest Iran.

Arezu Valizadeh, Esrafil Asgari, Mehran Mohammadian Fazli, Ali Assadi

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Arezu ValizadehDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-6398-5284

Esrafil AsgariSocial Determinants of Health Research Center, Health and Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4372-5936

Mehran Mohammadian FazliDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2877-4564

Ali AssadiDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. assadi@zums.ac.ir.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-3267

Funding

Zanjan University of Medical Sciences Grant Number: A-11-321-10; Ethical Code: IR.ZUMS.BLC.1402.003

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate groundwater quality and assess the health risks associated with nitrate contamination in Poldasht County, northwest Iran. Groundwater samples were collected from 17 wells over a ten-year period, and key physicochemical parameters including pH, TDS, total hardness, major ions, and nitrate were analyzed. The Groundwater Quality Index was applied to assess overall water quality, while non-carcinogenic risk was calculated following USEPA guidelines for four age groups: infants, children, teenagers, and adults. The results indicated that approximately 64.7% of the samples were classified as "acceptable," while 35.3% fell into the "moderate" quality range. The dominant groundwater facies were Mg-SO

Indexed as

Drinking WaterGroundwaterNitratesWater Pollutants, ChemicalWater QualityAdolescentChildEnvironmental MonitoringHumansIranRisk AssessmentDrinking WaterNitratesWater Pollutants, ChemicalGroundwaterGroundwater quality indexHazard quotientHealth risk assessmentNitratePoldasht county

Identifiers

PMID41644730

DOI10.1038/s41598-026-38143-0

PMCPMC12932772

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.