Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41644162›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2026

Prophylactic norepinephrine versus phenylephrine infusion on postpartum blood glucose in women undergoing caesarean section: a randomised controlled trial protocol.

Kaiying Zhang, Haifeng Cao, Huanghuang Ji, Gaoxu Yu, Liang Wu, Qiqing Shen, Wei Qian, Wenhui Tao

Abstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kaiying ZhangDepartment of Anesthesiology, Xuancheng People's Hospital, Affiliated Xuancheng Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Xuancheng, China.
Haifeng CaoDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Huanghuang JiDepartment of Anesthesiology, Xuancheng People's Hospital, Affiliated Xuancheng Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Xuancheng, China.
Gaoxu YuDepartment of Anesthesiology, Xuancheng People's Hospital, Affiliated Xuancheng Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Xuancheng, China.
Liang WuDepartment of Anesthesiology, Xuancheng People's Hospital, Affiliated Xuancheng Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Xuancheng, China.
Qiqing ShenDepartment of Anesthesiology, Xuancheng People's Hospital, Affiliated Xuancheng Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Xuancheng, China.
Wei QianDepartment of Anesthesiology, Xuancheng People's Hospital, Affiliated Xuancheng Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Xuancheng, China.
Wenhui TaoDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China taowenhui@ahmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7507-0009

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionNorepinephrine (NE) and phenylephrine (PE) are routinely administered vasopressors used to maintain haemodynamic stability during caesarean section. Emerging evidence suggests that sustained infusion of these agents may disrupt maternal blood glucose regulation. This randomised controlled trial aims to compare the effects of NE and PE infusion on changes in postpartum blood glucose levels, insulin concentrations and insulin resistance in women after caesarean delivery. METHODS ANALYSIS: In this double-blind, randomised trial, 100 eligible parturients will receive prophylactic intravenous infusion of either NE or PE at a rate of 30 mL/hour immediately after subarachnoid anaesthesia, continuing until the end of surgery. The primary outcome is the difference between maternal preoperative and immediate postoperative blood glucose levels. Secondary outcomes include immediate and 6-hour postoperative insulin levels, as well as Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The Institutional Ethics Committee of Xuancheng People's Hospital approved the trial protocol (ID: 2025-yjky022-02). Findings will be published in an appropriate journal, and original data will be made available in November 2029 via the ResMan primary data-sharing platform of the China Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.medresman.org.cn). TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR2500107683.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseCesarean SectionNorepinephrinePhenylephrineVasoconstrictor AgentsAdultChinaDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansInfusions, IntravenousInsulinInsulin ResistancePostpartum PeriodPregnancyRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicBlood GlucoseInsulinNorepinephrinePhenylephrineVasoconstrictor AgentsAnaesthesia in obstetricsCesarean SectionDrug Utilization

Identifiers

PMID41644162
PMCPMC12878402

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.