ReviewCurrent oncology reports2026
Breast Cancer Brain Metastases: Current Understanding and Future Directions.
Review in Current oncology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewTo examine recent advances in understanding breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM), with emphasis on metastatic mechanisms, tumour-microenvironment interactions, receptor discordance between primary breast tumours and brain metastases, diagnostic innovations, and therapeutic strategies. The review sought to clarify how these developments inform precision management and identify priorities for future research. RECENT
findingsStudies implicate JAK-STAT signalling, homologous recombination deficiency, c-MYC, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and RET in BCBM progression. Tumour cells adapt via neuronal mimicry, metabolic reprogramming, and crosstalk with astrocytes and microglia. Receptor discordance between primary breast cancers and brain metastases occurs in up to one-third of cases and may alter systemic therapy. Emerging tools including liquid biopsy, spatial transcriptomics, and radiomics offer minimally invasive approaches for molecular profiling, spatial mapping, and imaging-based phenotyping to guide personalised management. Machine learning supports prognostication and imaging interpretation, though external validation is limited. BCBM reflect complex tumour-brain interactions. Advances in molecular understanding and diagnostics are beginning to inform the development of targeted therapies. Future work may benefit from integrating cancer neuroscience with computational modelling, standardise diagnostic platforms, and test the survival impact of receptor reassessment in prospective trials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.