Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41641100›Full record

ArticleiScience2026

PFOS and PFOA exposure induces liver injury and sex-dependent immune effects in C57BL/6 mice.

Amélie Blais, Allison Loan, Eunnara Cho, Asia Woodtke, Houman Moteshareie, Lauren M Bradford, Gong Zhang, Guillaume Pelletier, Martha Navarro, Matthew J Meier and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Amélie BlaisEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Allison LoanEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Eunnara ChoEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Asia WoodtkeEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Houman MoteshareieDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
Lauren M BradfordEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Gong ZhangEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Guillaume PelletierEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Martha NavarroBureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Matthew J MeierEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Andy NongEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Rocio Aranda-RodriguezEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Kristin M EcclesEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
David PrescottBureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Azam F TayabaliEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent environmental contaminants. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), representing carboxylate and sulfonate subclasses, are among the most frequently detected PFASs in biomonitoring studies. We characterized the hepatotoxicity and immunotoxicity of PFOS and PFOA in male and female C57BL/6-Elite mice exposed via oral gavage for 28 (1.5 mg/kg/day) or 56 days (0.166-1.5 mg/kg/day). Both compounds caused pancreatic atrophy, hepatomegaly, elevated serum biomarkers of liver injury, and decreased serum triglyceride levels across sexes and exposure durations. Liver transcriptomics revealed enrichment of PPAR signaling, lipid metabolism disruption, and AGE-RAGE pathways. Immunotoxicity assessments showed PFOS-induced cytokine suppression (interleukin-4 [IL-4], IL-17α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1]) in males, while females exhibited minimal cytokine changes but altered thymocyte development. Overall, PFASs caused sex-independent hepatic and pancreatic toxicity but sex-dependent immune effects. Limitations include asymmetric dosing and lack of estrous monitoring; future studies should integrate histopathology and gene expression confirmatory analysis.

Indexed as

environmental toxicologymolecular toxicologytoxic injury

Identifiers

PMID41641100
PMCPMC12865548

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.