Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41640456›Full record

ReviewMedComm2026

Hydrogels for Cancer Immunotherapy: Strategies From Construction to Application.

Xiaohua Chen, Shan Wu, Yueyang Zhang, Lilu Feng, Yang Chen, Xuzhao Yang, Ke Men, Jiuqun Zhu, Ming Li

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in MedComm, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Xiaohua ChenDepartment of Pharmacy Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan Province China.
Shan WuState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan Province China.
Yueyang ZhangDepartment of Pharmacy Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan Province China.
Lilu FengDepartment of Pharmacy Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan Province China.
Yang ChenDepartment of Pharmacy Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan Province China.
Xuzhao YangDepartment of Pharmacy Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan Province China.
Ke MenState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan Province China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0587-9961
Jiuqun ZhuDepartment of Pharmacy Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan Province China.
Ming LiDepartment of Cardiovascular Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan Province China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cancer is a complex disease characterized by systemic dysfunction, necessitating a balance between therapeutic efficacy and safety. Immunotherapy is a core treatment approach for activating the antitumor immune response in the human body. The development of intelligent hydrogels has provided an innovative platform for tumor immunotherapy, owing to their adjustable properties for controlled drug delivery and immune modulation. Tumor immunotherapy has achieved remarkable success in recent years. However, it continues to face critical challenges such as targeting and delivery barriers, suppression by the TME, and immune evasion and drug resistance. In response, as injectable or implantable biomaterials, hydrogels are emerging as a promising platform to address these limitations by enabling localized, controllable drug delivery and immunomodulation. This review systematically categorizes contemporary hydrogel construction strategies tailored for immunotherapy, highlighting the distinct advantages of specific architectures in diverse clinical contexts. By classifying hydrogel applications according to immune-based strategies, the work underscores their multifunctional utility as precision delivery platforms and modulators of the immune microenvironment. This comprehensive overview elucidates the progress and design principles of hydrogel-based immunotherapeutic platforms, providing valuable insights to guide future research and development in this evolving field.

Indexed as

biomaterialcancerhydrogelimmunotherapy

Identifiers

PMID41640456
PMCPMC12865231

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.