Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41639601›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2026

Development and validation of a tool assessing adherence to warfarin therapy (TAAW) by Brazilian patients.

Carolina Barbosa Ferreira, Mayara Sousa Vianna, Adriana Silvina Pagano, Cristiane Baccin Bendo, Raiane Costa Viana, Daniella Vieira Nascimento, Ana Julia Alves da Cruz, Ilka Afonso Reis, Marcus Fernando da Silva Praxedes, Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras Martins

Abstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Carolina Barbosa FerreiraFaculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4316-0998
Mayara Sousa ViannaPró-Reitoria de Apoio à Permanência Estudantil - Prape, Universidade Federal De Lavras, Trevo Rotatório Professor Edmir Sá Santos, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1427-2149
Adriana Silvina PaganoFaculdade de Letras, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3150-3503
Cristiane Baccin BendoFaculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4849-8779
Raiane Costa VianaFaculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4555-0287
Daniella Vieira NascimentoFaculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2013-2399
Ana Julia Alves da CruzFaculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3858-1632
Ilka Afonso ReisInstituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7199-8590
Marcus Fernando da Silva PraxedesCentro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Santo Antonio de Jesus, Bahia, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4226-6926
Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras MartinsFaculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5211-411X

Funding

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brazil 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo develop and validate a multidimensional tool to assess adherence to warfarin therapy by Brazilian patients.

methodsA Tool for Assessing Adherence to Warfarin Therapy (TAAW) was designed to encompass warfarin intake and other treatment-related aspects, including causal and effect items of adherence. The development process included: (i) construction of a concept map; (ii) elaboration of a preliminary version; (iii) expert assessment; (iv) semantic analysis through pre-testing with 30 participants; and (v) psychometric validation, including exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and hypothesis testing.

resultsOf the 35 initially drafted items, 14 were discarded and 19 modified, resulting in a final version with 21 items distributed across three dimensions: warfarin intake (n = 10), self-care associated with warfarin use (n = 7) and health monitoring (n = 4). The TAAW tool demonstrated a unidimensional structure, excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.98), high test-retest reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient = 0.96) and strong correlation with the time in therapeutic range (Spearman's rho = 0.91), confirming its validity and reliability.

conclusionThe validated TAAW is a robust instrument for assessing adherence to warfarin therapy in clinical and research settings. Its comprehensive approach allows for the identification of adherence patterns, enabling healthcare professionals to implement targeted interventions and optimize anticoagulation outcomes.

Indexed as

AnticoagulantsDrug MonitoringMedication AdherenceWarfarinAdultAgedBrazilFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesAnticoagulantsWarfarinanticoagulantsmedication adherencetreatment adherence and compliancevalidation studywarfarin

Identifiers

PMID41639601
PMCPMC13370065

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.