Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41639270›Full record

ArticleNature biotechnology2026

Pilot phase clinical trial of a wearable, electrochemical aptamer-based patch for continuous drug concentration measurement.

Marsilea A Booth, Murat K Erdal, Mikel Larson, Emily Birthisel, Mark Friedel, Vinicius R Gonçales, Ali Alinezhad, Franciele Morawski, Jiezhen Li, Nicholas Hogan and 21 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Capture-SELEX of DNA Aptamers for Highly Selective Binding of Folate.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

31 authors.

Marsilea A Booth *Nutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9778-905X
Murat K Erdal *Nutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6073-2380
Mikel LarsonNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Emily BirthiselNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Mark FriedelNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Vinicius R GonçalesNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Ali AlinezhadNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Franciele MorawskiNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Jiezhen LiNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Nicholas HoganNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Stanley TeoNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Johanna WordsworthNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Sahil KhannaNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Jeremy Van EpsNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Stuart BoydNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Lucy DewhirstNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-3079-2160
Julian GersonNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5922-4477
Dheeraj D'SouzaNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-6440-7088
Wang YinNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Priya Thaivalappil PadmanabhanNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Robert H BatchelorNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Ashley FarnkopfNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Alastair HodgesNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Garry ChambersNutromics Pty Ltd., Brunswick, Victoria, Australia.
Michael BraudeDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Tod E KippinDepartment of Psychology and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Carl M J KirkpatrickMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
J Justin GoodingSchool of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5398-0597
Stephen PiankoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Sophie L StockerSydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. sophie.stocker@sydney.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2114-587X
Kevin W PlaxcoDepartments of BioEngineering and of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA. kwp@ucsb.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4772-8771

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As some drugs have narrow therapeutic windows and high inter-patient exposure variability, they require concentration measurements to ensure their safe and effective dosing. To improve on the current practice of sparse blood sampling, we are developing wearable 'patches' bearing electrochemical aptamer-based sensors on small, solid needles. Here we describe a pilot phase trial testing their safety and performance in six healthy human participants. The patches were found to be safe and nearly pain free, and they captured concentrations of vancomycin in the dermal interstitial fluid with 5-minute resolution over 24 hours, although, due to sensor degradation, we primarily describe data from the first 12 hours after insertion. Fitting interstitial fluid and plasma concentrations to compartmental pharmacokinetic models revealed distribution and clearance dynamics that are not detected with current sparse sampling approaches. Patches placed at different bodily sites exhibited consistent trends both within and across participants. With further testing and optimization, including real-time wireless data transmission, such patches could aid precision dosing of vancomycin and other drugs with narrow therapeutic windows. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry registration: ACTRN12622000280707 .

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.