ArticlePloS one2026
Investigating the effect of augmented reality-based virtual patient training on occupational therapy students' clinical decision-making: A quasi-experimental study.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Technology-enhanced education is an essential element of modern universities, improving clinical decision-making, and student performance. This study aimed to design and evaluate an augmented reality-based virtual patient (VPAR) educational model to enhance clinical decision-making in upper limb nerves among occupational therapy students. This quasi-experimental study conducted from January to April 2025 with 44 occupational therapy students from Shiraz and Arak Universities of Medical Sciences. Classes were assigned by pre-existing cluster allocation to the intervention group (VPAR, n = 24) or the control group (traditional education, n = 20). Clinical decision-making skills were assessed before and one month after a three-week VPAR program using a researcher-developed questionnaire. Data were analyzed using R software (version 4.3.3) and the Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) model to determine the effect of the intervention. The post-test probability of a correct response was 7.34 times greater than the pre-test (p = 0.0684), indicating improved performance likely due to the intervention (p = 0.0018). Additionally, the intervention group had a 3.75 times higher likelihood of correct responses compared to the control group (p = 0.0004), demonstrating the intervention's positive impact. In conclusion, the VPAR is an effective tool for enhancing clinical decision-making among occupational therapy students.
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