Trial reportEuropean archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry2026
Clinical effectiveness of diaphragmatic breathing for dental anxiety in 7- to 13-year-old children.
Trial report in European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo assess the influence of deep diaphragmatic breathing exercises on dental anxiety during the dental visits in children aged 7-13 years.
methodsA total of 84 healthy participants of both genders were enrolled in this study. The participants were randomly allocated to the deep breathing (DB) group and the conventional treatment-as-usual (TU) control group. All participants underwent psychological evaluation of their behaviour using Frankl's Rating Scale (FRS), and their anxiety level using the Facial Image Scale (FIS), in addition to a physiological assessment of blood pressure (mmHg) and heart rate (bpm) using a digital blood pressure monitor, and oxygen saturation level (SpO
resultsThe DB and TU groups showed no significant differences in baseline demographics or clinical characteristics (p > 0.05). The mean procedure time was shorter in the DB group than in the TU group (p < 0.05). During and after treatment, a higher proportion of participants in the DB group were rated as "very happy" on the FIS (p < 0.001) and "definitely positive" on the FRS (p < 0.05). Assessment of physiological parameters revealed that the lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure values during treatment were lower in the DB group (p < 0.001). Pulse rate was similarly lower in the DB group, whilst oxygen saturation remained stable across groups (p > 0.05).
conclusionDiaphragmatic breathing effectively reduced physiological and behavioural indicators of dental anxiety in children, resulting in enhanced cooperation and shortened treatment times. Thus, it may serve as a practical, non-pharmacological approach for enhancing children's comfort and procedural efficiency during dental treatment.
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