ArticleAging clinical and experimental research2026
Change in loneliness and subsequent cardiometabolic Multimorbidity among middle-aged and older adults: results from two east asian prospective cohorts.
Article in Aging clinical and experimental research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo examine the association of changes in loneliness with subsequent cardiometabolic comorbidity (CMM) among middle-aged and older Chinese and South Korean adults.
methodsWe used the harmonized individual-level data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, n = 9381) from China and the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA, n = 5052) from South Korea. In both CHARLS and KLoSA, loneliness was measured using a single item from the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) at baseline and in the second survey. CMM was defined as the presence of two or more cardiometabolic conditions, including diabetes, heart disease, and stroke, based on physician-diagnosed self-report. Within each cohort, we used the multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident CMM according to changes in loneliness (never, initiated, relieved, and persistent) over 7 years (CHARLS) or 6 years (KLoSA) of follow-up.
resultsIn CHARLS, initiated (aHR 1.42, 95%CI 1.14-1.78), relieved (aHR 1.40, 95%CI 1.16-1.70), and persistent (aHR 2.03, 95%CI 1.64-2.51) loneliness were associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing CMM. In KLoSA, both relieved (aHR 1.72, 95%CI 1.07-2.76) and persistent (aHR 1.86, 95%CI 1.21-2.88) loneliness were significantly associated with CMM, whereas the initiated loneliness showed no significant association (aHR 1.25, 95%CI 0.76-2.07).
conclusionsChanges in loneliness were associated with an increased risk of subsequent CMM in both China and South Korea, with the strongest associations observed among individuals experiencing persistent loneliness. These findings indicate that loneliness is a dynamic and potentially modifiable risk factor for cardiometabolic multimorbidity across different sociocultural contexts. Early identification and targeted interventions addressing loneliness may contribute to the prevention of CMM among middle-aged and older adults.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.