Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41636856›Full record

ReviewPediatric surgery international2026

Communication as a core non-technical skill in pediatric surgery: existing frameworks and potential implementation in training programs.

Irene Paraboschi, Harold N Lovvorn, Satoshi Ieiri, Stephanie D Chao, Gloria Pelizzo, Antonino Morabito, Antonia Blanié, Udo Rolle, Paul D Losty, Luca Pio

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In one paragraph

Review in Pediatric surgery international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Irene ParaboschiDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.
Harold N LovvornDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Satoshi IeiriDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
Stephanie D ChaoDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Gloria PelizzoDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.
Antonino MorabitoDepartment of Paediatric Surgery, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Antonia BlaniéCentre de Simulation LabForSIMS, Département de Recherche Et Innovation Pédagogique en Santé, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Saclay, 94275, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
Udo RolleDepartment of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Paul D LostyInstitute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Luca PioBicêtre Hospital, GHU Paris Saclay Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Saclay University, Paris, France. Luca.pio@aphp.fr.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeCommunication skills are essential non-technical competencies in pediatric surgery, yet formal training programs remain limited and inconsistent. This perspective article examines the critical role of communication across pediatric surgical subspecialties and proposes frameworks for implementing structured communication training in residency programs.

methodsWe performed a narrative review of published literature on communication skills in pediatric surgery and synthesized existing communication frameworks applicable to surgical training. Expert perspectives were gathered from an international group of pediatric surgeons representing diverse subspecialties including prenatal counseling, neonatal surgery, pediatric urology, and pediatric surgical oncology.

resultsWe identify specific communication challenges unique to pediatric surgery, including prenatal counseling, neonatal intensive care discussions, sensitive urological conditions, and pediatric oncology. Existing frameworks such as SPIKES for delivering bad news and EMPATHY for non-verbal communication provide evidence-based tools adaptable to pediatric contexts. Current training approaches remain largely informal and mentor-dependent, with significant variability between programs.

conclusionPediatric surgery training programs should integrate structured communication curricula with defined learning objectives, simulation-based practice, and regular feedback mechanisms to prepare trainees for the unique communication demands of caring for children and their families.

Indexed as

Clinical CompetenceCommunicationEducation, Medical, GraduateInternship and ResidencyPediatricsSpecialties, SurgicalChildCurriculumHumans

Identifiers

PMID41636856

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.