Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41636848›Full record

ArticleLangenbeck's archives of surgery2026

Endovenous chemical ablation and trendelenburg's (eCAT) operation for treating great saphenous vein varicosities: a single-arm open-label interventional study.

Walied Khereba, Al Metwaly Ragab, Ayman Amen MohyElden, Khaled Attia, Osama Moeen, Mohamed Ahmed Agena, Elsayed Hadhoud, Amr Bakr Mahmoud Elashry, Ahmed Atef, Maisa A Abdel Wahab and 13 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Langenbeck's archives of surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Walied KherebaDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, New Damietta, Damietta, Egypt. Wkhereba@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5469-7590
Al Metwaly RagabDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, New Damietta, Damietta, Egypt.
Ayman Amen MohyEldenDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, New Damietta, Damietta, Egypt.
Khaled AttiaDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, New Damietta, Damietta, Egypt.
Osama MoeenDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, New Damietta, Damietta, Egypt.
Mohamed Ahmed AgenaDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, New Damietta, Damietta, Egypt.
Elsayed HadhoudDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, New Damietta, Damietta, Egypt.
Amr Bakr Mahmoud ElashryDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, New Damietta, Damietta, Egypt.
Ahmed AtefDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Assuit Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt.
Maisa A Abdel WahabDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Nehal FaroukDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Sameh E ElimamDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Ahmed Khairy SakrDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Waleed E ElshinawyDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Shimaa M ElhalafawyDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Ahmed Ibrahim BadranDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Al-Gharbia, Egypt.
Ahmed Mt RadwanDepartment of Vascular Access & Renal Transplant Surgery, Birmingham University Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
Mohamed Emad EldinDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Mohamed Yahia ZakariaDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Reda Othman AbbasDepartment of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Hussien MontaserDepartment of Radio-diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Elsayed Mohamed Abd El-HamidDepartment of Radio-diagnosis, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, New Damietta, Egypt.
Rasha S FaragDepartment of Clinical Research, Damietta Directorate for Health Affairs, Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVaricose veins of the lower limbs, particularly involving the great saphenous vein (GSV), are a common vascular condition often requiring intervention. Conventional surgeries entail higher morbidity and prolonged recovery. To minimize complications while ensuring efficacy, a novel hybrid technique -Endovenous Chemical Ablation and Trendelenburg's operation (eCAT) -was developed. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the eCAT operation for treating GSV varicosities.

methodsA single-arm open-label interventional study was conducted on 500 patients with primary lower limb varicose veins (2014-2021). The eCAT procedure, developed by Walied Khereba at Al-Azhar University (New Damietta), combined Trendelenburg's operation with polidocanol foam sclerotherapy under local anaesthesia. The primary outcome was GSV ablation efficacy at 1 week, 3 months, and 1 year. Secondary outcomes included postoperative complications, pain reduction, and factors influencing success.

resultsGSV ablation succeeded in all cases (100%). At 1 week, 88% of veins were fully occluded and 12% partially; at 3 months, full occlusion decreased to 76%, then improved to 88% at 1 year. Postoperative complications included oedema (30%), hyperpigmentation (20%), and residual varicosities (40%), all resolved by 1 year. Median pain scores decreased from 4 (IQR: 1) preoperatively to 2 (IQR: 1) at 1 week and 1 (IQR: 0) at both 3 months and 1 year (P = 0.001). Age, gender, and standing occupation significantly impacted early surgical success.

conclusionThe eCAT is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive procedure for GSV varicosities treatment, achieving durable clinical outcomes with minimal complications and significant pain reduction.

Indexed as

Endovascular ProceduresPolidocanolSaphenous VeinSclerosing SolutionsSclerotherapyVaricose VeinsAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedTreatment OutcomePolidocanolSclerosing SolutionseCATEndovenous chemical ablationFoam sclerotherapyGreat saphenous veinTrendelenburg operation

Identifiers

PMID41636848
PMCPMC12891120

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.