Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41635935›Full record

ArticleGenome biology and evolution2026

Evolutionary Dynamics of Dosage Compensation and Sex-biased Gene Expression in Morabine Grasshopper Vandiemenella viatica.

Suvratha Jayaprasad, Holger Schielzeth, Octavio M Palacios-Gimenez

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Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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1citing papers in PubMed
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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Suvratha JayaprasadPopulation Ecology Group, Institute of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Friedrich Schiller Universität, Jena, DE 07743-, Germany.
Holger SchielzethPopulation Ecology Group, Institute of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Friedrich Schiller Universität, Jena, DE 07743-, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9124-2261
Octavio M Palacios-GimenezPopulation Ecology Group, Institute of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Friedrich Schiller Universität, Jena, DE 07743-, Germany.

Funding

Alice Wallenberg FoundationCarl Trygger FoundationKNUTNAISSNAISS NAISS 2023/5-254National Academic Infrastructure for Supercomputing in SwedenNational Genomics Infrastructure in StockholmScience for Life LaboratoryScientific Research CTS 21:1389SNICSwedish National Infrastructure for ComputingSwedish Research Council 2018-05973Swedish Research Council 2022-06725Swedish Research Council Vetenskapsrådet 2020-03866UppsalaUppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational Science
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sex chromosome evolution and gene regulation are closely linked but remain understudied in many taxa. Young neo-sex chromosomes offer unique insights into these processes. We examine dosage compensation and sex-biased gene expression in Vandiemenella viatica grasshoppers by comparing the ancestral X chromosome in the P24X0 race with derived neo-sex chromosomes in the P24XY race. The P24XY neo-XY arose via X-autosome fusion: the XL arm represents the ancestral X and the XR arm a former autosome (chromosome 1 in P24X0) now part of the neo-X and homologous to the neo-Y. We first assess dosage compensation via male and female gene expression. In somatic tissues, male P24X0 X-linked and P24XY XL-linked genes are upregulated to match both female expression and autosomal levels, indicating near-complete dosage compensation. In testes, expression of X-linked and the XL-linked genes is reduced nearly 4-fold reflecting absent dosage compensation and the presence of meiotic X chromosome inactivation. We then analyze sex-biased gene expression across tissues and chromosomes. Gonads show stronger sex-biased gene expression than somatic tissues. Female-biased genes are concentrated on the P24X0 X and P24XY XL, whereas male-biased genes are enriched on autosomes and the XR arm of the neo-X. Overall, the ancestral X in P24X0 and the XL arm of the P24XY neo-X are hypertranscribed, while the XR arm retains autosomal expression, male-biased enrichment, and lacks dosage compensation. These patterns show that dosage compensation is regulated at levels of chromosome arms and illustrate how chromosome structure, gene regulation, and reproduction interact, shedding light on sex chromosome evolution in V. viatica.

Indexed as

Dosage Compensation, GeneticEvolution, MolecularGrasshoppersAnimalsFemaleGene Expression RegulationGenes, X-LinkedMaleSex ChromosomesX Chromosomedosage compensationsex-biased gene expressiontranscriptional regulationX-linked genes

Identifiers

PMID41635935
PMCPMC12930189

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