ArticleFrontiers in plant science2025
Exogenous biostimulant bee-honey solution improves
Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Salinity is a major global constraint to wheat productivity, primarily due to oxidative damage, osmotic imbalance, and ionic toxicity. This study evaluated the potential of bee-honey solution (BHS) as a natural biostimulant to mitigate salinity stress effects in wheat (cv. Yecora Rojo). Methods: Plants were treated with 0, 100, 150, and 200 mM NaCl, with foliar application of BHS (0, 1.0, and 1.5%). BHS potential influences on plant growth, physio-biochemical indices, antioxidant defense system, and gene expression under four salinity levels were evaluated. Results: Salt stress at 200 mM, decreased plant height by 25%, leaf area by 14%, and biomass by 28% compared to control, while chlorophyll content reduced by 63%, and the Na Discussion & conclusion: The present findings prove that BHS is an effective, eco-friendly biostimulant that imparts salt resilience to wheat by integrating morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms.
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