ArticleInternational journal of sports physical therapy2026
Current Concepts in Hip and Core Assessment to Reduce the Risk of ACL Injury.
Article in International journal of sports physical therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evolution of pre- and post-operative balance characteristics in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: implications for rehabilitation.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Kinesiopathology, a Framework for Progressive Nature of Neuromusculoskeletal Dysfunctions: Implications for Physical Therapy.Physical therapy research · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Hip and trunk ("core") muscle dysfunction has emerged as a modifiable contributor to lower-limb biomechanics linked with non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Clinicians increasingly target core stability and control during injury-prevention screening and post-operative rehabilitation programs; however, the literature lacks a focused synthesis of core-directed strategies for ACL injury mitigation. The purpose of this current concepts review is to synthesize current evidence on hip- and core-focused assessment and rehabilitation strategies that may mitigate ACL injury risk. Design: Current Concepts Review. Methods: A narrative search of PubMed and Google Scholar (January 2000 - April 2025) identified biomechanical, prospective, interventional, and return-to-sport studies examining relationships between hip and/or trunk muscle function and ACL injury risk or recovery. Key findings were organized into (1) injury mechanisms, (2) screening and return-to-play (RTP) tests, and (3) preventive and rehabilitative interventions, with special attention to sex-specific evidence. Results: Prospective and biomechanical studies consistently show that reduced hip abduction/extension strength and diminished trunk neuromuscular control predict dynamic knee valgus and elevated ACL strain. Functional assessments such as the single-leg step-down, Y-Balance, modified Star Excursion test, hop symmetry, and muscular assessment via belt-stabilized hand-held dynamometry-reliably identify high-risk athletes and persistently impaired post-ACLR patients. Multi-component neuromuscular programs emphasizing hip and core strengthening lower overall knee-ligament injury rates by 20-60 % in youth cohorts, with larger effects in females. Early incorporation of hip/trunk exercises during rehabilitation post ACLR contributes to improved kinematics, hop performance, and patient-reported outcomes, although standardized parameters remain undefined. Conclusion: Evidence supports routine integration of hip and trunk assessment and strengthening into ACL injury-mitigation, rehabilitation, and RTP decision-making protocols. Future research should refine trunk-specific evaluation tools and establish optimal exercise dosing across sexes and competition levels. Level of Evidence: 5.
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