ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2025
Estrogenic control of germ cell differentiation in medaka: independence of early sex dimorphism from zygotic estrogen and receptor signaling.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Estrogen signaling is essential for ovarian differentiation in vertebrates, but its developmental onset and specific roles during early gonadogenesis remain unclear. In medaka ( Objective: To clarify the receptor-level requirement of estrogen signaling, we generated Methods: We established ΔnEsrs medaka using CRISPR/Cas9 and analyzed gonadal histology, germ cell kinetics, and expression of steroidogenic enzyme genes, sex differentiation-related genes, and oocyte-specific expressed genes during early development. Results: ΔnEsrs mutants displayed normal early germ cell number and sex-specific differences at hatching (0 dph). At 10 dph, diplotene oocytes were markedly reduced, accompanied by significant downregulation of oocyte-specific genes, Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that estrogen signaling, both at the ligand and receptor levels, is dispensable for establishing the early germ cell sex difference but essential for subsequent oocyte meiotic progression and ovarian fate maintenance. This establishes a two-step estrogenic control model, redefining the developmental timing of estrogen action during the early phase of gonadal differentiation in vertebrate reproduction.
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