Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41635405›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in oncology2025

Metastatic extra-axial medulloblastoma involving the trigeminal nerve: a rare prognostic entity with a comprehensive literature review.

Federica D'Antonio, Andrea Carai, Giada Del Baldo, Sabrina Rossi, Giovanna Stefania Colafati, Eleonora Piccirilli, Sabina Barresi, Isabella Giovannoni, Veronica Capelli, Selene Cipri and 3 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Federica D'AntonioDepartment of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Andrea CaraiNeurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Giada Del BaldoDepartment of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Sabrina RossiPathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Giovanna Stefania ColafatiOncological Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Eleonora PiccirilliOncological Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Sabina BarresiPathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Isabella GiovannoniPathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Veronica CapelliDepartment of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Selene CipriDepartment of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Rita AlaggioPathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Antonella CacchioneDepartment of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Angela MastronuzziDepartment of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Medulloblastomas (MB) are the most common malignant central nervous system tumors in children. They usually develop in the cerebellar vermis or the fourth ventricle, while in adults they typically originate from the paramedian region or the lateral cerebellar hemispheres. It's rare for MBs to originate outside the brain and spinal cord (extra-axial), such as in the skull, meninges, and nerves. Metastases of MB typically occur within the central nervous system, with metastases outside the nervous system (extra-neural) being uncommon at the time of diagnosis (1-2%), but can increase to 5-10% during advanced stages. Around 5-6% of MBs are associated with inherited cancer predisposition syndromes, with common genetic variants including PTCH1, SUFU, TP53, and SMO. This report describes the first pediatric patient harboring a CHEK2 germline variant of uncertain significance and developing a EA- MB localized at the trigeminal nerve and subsequent CNS and EN metastases.

Indexed as

extra-axial medulloblastomaextra-neural metastasesgenetic variantsmolecular profilingpediatric central nervous system tumorsrare entitytrigeminal nerve

Identifiers

PMID41635405
PMCPMC12861904

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.