Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41634936›Full record

ReviewJournal of the American Chemical Society2026

Sculpting Microbial Microenvironments: Spatiotemporal Control via Programmable Electrochemical Gradients.

Haiyuan Zou, Yifan Gao, Ziqi Ding, Chong Liu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Haiyuan ZouDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6530-2929
Yifan GaoDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-4821-795X
Ziqi DingDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.ORCID 0009-0007-6827-9318
Chong LiuDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-5546-3852

Funding

Spatiotemporal control of concentration gradients with electrochemistry in extracelluar spaceR35GM138241 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Chong Liu · 2020 to 2026
$2.8M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM138241
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microbial life is fundamentally shaped by endogenous chemical gradients that arise within structured communities. In assemblages such as biofilms, spatial variations in pH, oxygen (O

Indexed as

BacteriaElectrochemical TechniquesBiofilmsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationNitric OxideOxygenReactive Oxygen SpeciesNitric OxideOxygenReactive Oxygen Species

Identifiers

PMID41634936
PMCPMC13424881

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.