Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41634912›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of nutrition2026

A modified Delphi to inform development of a multidimensional diet quality score for a sustainable healthy diet.

Emily Denniss, Mark Lawrence, Sarah A McNaughton, Katherine Livingstone, Priscilla Machado

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Emily DennissSchool of Health and Social Development, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin Universityhttps://ror.org/02czsnj07, Geelong, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9631-050X
Mark LawrenceSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Sarah A McNaughtonSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Health and Well-Being Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
Katherine LivingstoneSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9682-7541
Priscilla MachadoSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

No existing dietary metric simultaneously captures key dimensions of sustainable healthy diets (SHD): dietary variety, intake of animal products and extent of food processing. This methods and construct development study aimed to identify indicators of an SHD that can be used to inform a multidimensional diet quality score. A modified Delphi was used to gain expert consensus regarding the development of an SHD score. Three iterative surveys were conducted between November 2022 and May 2023. Surveys asked participants' opinions regarding the measurement of the three dimensions of SHD (Dimension 1: variety of unprocessed and minimally processed foods; Dimension 2: intake of animal products; and Dimension 3: intake of ultra-processed foods (UPF)) and weighting and aggregation of a score that assesses these three dimensions. Thirteen international experts completed all three surveys. Consensus from experts led to the identification of food-based indicators of SHD. Experts agreed that Dimension 1 should be comprised of twelve food groups, with food groups and scoring ranges informed by the Global Diet Quality Score; Dimension 2 comprised of five food groups with scoring ranges informed by the EAT-Lancet planetary health diet; and Dimension 3 as one food group measured as a cut-off value of ≤10 % energy from UPF. There was consensus that each dimension should be equally weighted. Outcomes from this work have been used to inform the development and validation of a multidimensional diet quality score to assess the healthfulness and environmental sustainability of diets among healthy adult populations.

Indexed as

animal productsdietary varietyDiet quality metricssustainabilitysustainable healthy dietsultra-processed foods

Identifiers

PMID41634912
PMCPMC13351830

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.