ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2026
Biomimetic scaffolds with synergistic BMSC targeting and ROS scavenging for mitochondrial protection and effective bone-defect repair.
Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nucleic acid aptamers: new methods for selection, target validation, molecular diagnostics and therapeutics.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Hydrogel Implementing Drug Delivery in Cranial Bone Tissue Engineering.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The reconstruction of large bone defects remains a significant clinical challenge, primarily owing to the insufficient mitochondrial protection and osteogenic activity of conventional implants. Exosomes (EXOs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells have emerged as promising tools for bone repair. This study reports a mitochondria-targeted therapeutic strategy utilizing EXOs derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). On MitoQ incorporation, these EXOs (EXO-MitoQ, EM) exhibit the targeted scavenging of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species; moreover, on surface decoration with the nucleic acid aptamer Apt 19 S (EM-Apt), they show the enhanced recruitment and precise delivery of BMSCs. The engineered EXOs show robust BMSC-targeting specificity and mitochondrial protective efficacy. To optimize their regenerative microenvironment and biomechanical properties further, these functionalized EXOs are integrated onto a 3D-printed β-tricalcium phosphate scaffold coated with a small intestinal submucosa (SIS) hydrogel, forming a composite system (TCP/SIS@EM-Apt). In a rat calvarial defect model, this TCP/SIS@EM-Apt scaffold increased the BV/TV by 1.9-fold compared to TCP/SIS, due to the combination of multiple multifunctional therapeutic effects (anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, and osteogenic). The mitochondria-targeting strategy proposed in this study presents a promising solution for the reconstruction of large bone defects and offers a synergistic approach for addressing complex regenerative challenges.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.