Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41634542›Full record

ArticleBMC microbiology2026

Research on the process of synergistic degradation of corn straw by probiotics-enzymes based on microbiome and metabolomics.

Meng Sun, Jianwei Wei, Meiqi Wang, Huacheng Xu, Wei Ma, Ying Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Meng SunDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, 121000, China.
Jianwei WeiDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, 121000, China.
Meiqi WangDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, 121000, China.
Huacheng XuDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, 121000, China.
Wei MaDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, 121000, China. mwworld@163.com.
Ying WangDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, 121000, China. 13180937133@163.com.

Funding

College Student Innovation Project S202410160014Liaoning Provincial Department of Education General Project jytms20231736Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project 2024010768-JH3/107, 2024012131-JH4/4800National Wool Sheep Industry Technology System CARS-39-27
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundProbiotics enzyme co-fermentation significantly improves the use efficiency and nutritional value of crop straw, although the underlying synergies are not clear.

methodsThe experiment used corn straw as the raw material. It was treated with a 0.2% composite enzyme preparation containing cellulase, xylanase, lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, and laccase. A composite microbial inoculant was also added at a total inoculum level of 1 × 10⁸ CFU/g, using a ratio of Lactobacillus, yeast, and Bacillus subtilis of 3:2:1. After thorough mixing, the solution was sprayed evenly onto the straw surface. Fermentation proceeded under room temperature conditions. Multipoint random sampling was carried out on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. By integrating metagenomic, metabolomic, and conventional analytical approaches, this study systematically investigated microbial community structure, dynamic metabolic pathways, and fermentation quality during the process.

resultsThe application of a probiotics-enzyme composite led to a clear improvement in fermentation quality. It also reduced the cellulose content of corn stover compared to the untreated control. The results showed that major microbial taxa, such as Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, are influenced by environmental factors like pH and lactic acid. These microbes significantly degraded fibre components (p < 0.05) by secreting extracellular enzymes and organic acids. This process encouraged the accumulation of raw proteins and dipeptides. Key metabolic pathways, such as pyrimidine metabolism and the TCA cycle, were significantly enhanced. This led to the synthesis of valuable metabolites, including mevalonate and biopterin, which have increased antioxidant and metabolic properties.

conclusionThe research results demonstrate that the “microbiota structure—metabolic function—fermentation quality” relationship constitutes a complex and mutually influential system, providing important theoretical support for targeted microbial community regulation and optimization of fermentation processes in straw.

Indexed as

EnzymesMicrobiotaProbioticsZea maysBacillus subtilisBacteriaCellulaseCelluloseFermentationLaccaseLactobacillusMetabolomicsPeroxidasesCellulaseCelluloseEnzymesLaccaselignin peroxidasemanganese peroxidasePeroxidasesCommunity successionMetabolomicsMicrobiomeProbiotics—enzyme co – fermentationSilage

Identifiers

PMID41634542
PMCPMC12955022

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.