Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41634414›Full record

SynthesisNature genetics2026

Genome-wide association study of major anxiety disorders in 122,341 European-ancestry cases identifies 58 loci and highlights GABAergic signaling.

Nora I Strom, Brad Verhulst, Silviu-Alin Bacanu, Rosa Cheesman, Kirstin L Purves, Hüseyin Gedik, Brittany L Mitchell, Alex S Kwong, Annika B Faucon, Kritika Singh and 127 more

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nature genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  17. Shared genetic architecture and neurobiological pathways of problematic alcohol use and anxiety disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Article
  18. Polygenic scores in psychiatric research and clinical practice.Medizinische Genetik : Mitteilungsblatt des Berufsverbandes Medizinische Genetik e.V · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

137 authors.

Nora I Strom *Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5261-8852
Brad Verhulst *Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5369-9757
Silviu-Alin Bacanu *Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4364-1583
Rosa CheesmanPROMENTA Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6543-0402
Kirstin L PurvesSocial, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Hüseyin GedikInstitute for Genomics in Health, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
Brittany L MitchellBrain and Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9050-1516
Alex S KwongBristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Annika B FauconDivision of Medicine, Human Genetics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Kritika SinghDivision of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Sarah MedlandBrain and Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Lucia Colodro-CondeBrain and Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9004-364X
Kristi KrebsEstonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0494-2751
Per HoffmannInstitute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6573-983X
Stefan HermsInstitute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2786-8200
Jan GehlenCenter for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Stephan RipkeDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3622-835X
Swapnil AwasthiDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
Teemu PalviainenHelsinki Institute of Life Science, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland - FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7847-8384
Elisa M TasankoFaculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Roseann E PetersonPsychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6402-849X
Daniel E AdkinsSchool of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Andrey A ShabalinSchool of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Mark J AdamsCentre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3599-6018
Matthew H IvesonCentre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Archie CampbellCollege of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer; Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0198-5078
Laurent F ThomasDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0548-2486
Bendik S WinsvoldDivision of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Research and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4171-8919
Ole Kristian DrangeDepartment of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Sigrid BørteDepartment of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9540-3256
Abigail R Ter KuileSocial, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Joonas NaamankaHector Insitute for Artificial Intelligence in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3092-7416
Tan-Hoang NguyenHuman and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6910-7269
Sandra M MeierPsychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Elizabeth C CorfieldPsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Laurie HanniganPsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Daniel F LeveyDepartment of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8431-9569
Darina CzamaraDepartment of Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7381-904X
Heike WeberDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9421-1292
Karmel W ChoiPsychiatry, Center for Precision Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3914-2431
Giorgio PistisPsychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4525-4608
Baptiste Couvy-DuchesneBrain and Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Sandra Van der AuweraDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1757-7768
Alexander TeumerDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8309-094X
Robert KarlssonDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8949-2587
Miguel Garcia-ArgibayDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4811-2330
Donghyung LeeDepartment of Statistics, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.
Rujia WangSocial, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Ottar BjerkesetDepartment of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Eystein StordalDepartment of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Julia BäckmanCentre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
Giovanni A SalumDepartment of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Clement C ZaiTanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Molecular Brain Sciences Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0496-7262
James L KennedyTanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Molecular Brain Sciences Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8733-3806
Gwyneth ZaiTanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Molecular Brain Sciences Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Arun K TiwariTanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Molecular Brain Sciences Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Stefanie Heilmann-HeimbachInstitute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1057-465X
Börge SchmidtInstitute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Jaakko KaprioHelsinki Institute of Life Science, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland - FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3716-2455
Martin M KennedyPathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6445-8526
Joseph BodenPsychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1502-1608
Alexandra HavdahlPROMENTA Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9268-0423
Christel M MiddeldorpChild Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6218-0428
Fabiana L LopesNational Institute of Mental Health, Human Genetics Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Nirmala AkulaNational Institute of Mental Health, Genetic Basis of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA.
Francis J McMahonNational Institute of Mental Health, Genetic Basis of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9469-305X
Elisabeth B BinderDepartment of Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7088-6618
Lydia FehmDepartment of Psychology, Zentrum für Psychotherapie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Andreas StröhleDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Enrique CastelaoPsychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland.
Henning TiemeierSocial and Behavioral Science, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4395-1397
Dan J SteinSAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-7810
David WhitemanPopulation Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2563-9559
Catherine OlsenPopulation Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4483-1888
Zachary Fuller23andMe, Sunnyvale, CA, USA.
Xin Wang23andMe, Sunnyvale, CA, USA.
Naomi R WrayInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Enda M ByrneChild Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9491-7797
Glyn LewisUCL Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5205-8245
Nicholas J TimpsonBristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7141-9189
Lea K DavisDivision of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5143-2282
Ian B HickieBrain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8832-9895
Nathan A GillespiePsychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-2823
Lili MilaniEstonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5323-3102
Johannes SchumacherCenter for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9217-6457
David P WoldbyeDepartment of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Andreas J ForstnerInstitute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Markus M NöthenInstitute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8770-2464
Iiris HovattaFaculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics and SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5990-7892
John HorwoodPsychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4881-1956
William E CopelandUVM Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Hermine H MaesPsychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Andrew M McIntoshCentre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0198-4588
Ole A AndreassenNORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
John-Anker ZwartDepartment of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5721-0154
Ole MorsDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Anders D BørglumDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-7219
Preben B MortensenThe National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-9865
Helga AskPROMENTA Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0149-5319
Ted Reichborn-KjennerudNORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Jackob M NajmanFaculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
Murray B SteinPsychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9564-2871
Joel GelernterPsychiatry, Research, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4067-1859
Yuri MilaneschiAmsterdam Neuroscience; Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3697-6617
Brenda W PenninxAmsterdam Neuroscience; Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7779-9672
Dorret I BoomsmaTwin Register and Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7099-7972
Eduard MaronCentre for Digital Health: Department of Health Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia.
Angelika Erhardt-LehmannDepartment of Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
Christian RückCentre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
Tilo T KircherDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-2625
Christiane A MelzigPsychology, Clinical Psychology, Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Georg W AlpersSchool of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9896-5158
Volker AroltDepartment of Mental Health, Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
Katharina DomschkeDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2550-9132
Jordan W SmollerPsychiatry, Center for Precision Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Martin PreisigPsychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5689-4259
Nicholas G MartinBrain and Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4069-8020
Michelle K LuptonBrain and Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7274-7299
Annemarie I LuikEpidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7517-197X
Andreas ReifDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt - Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
Hans J GrabeDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Henrik LarssonDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6851-3297
Patrik K MagnussonDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7315-7899
Albertine J OldehinkelPsychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3925-3913
Catharina A HartmanPsychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-8859
Gerome BreenSocial, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2053-1792
Anna R DochertyPsychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7139-7007
Hilary CoonSchool of Medicine, Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8877-5446
Rupert ConradDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
Kelli LehtoEstonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Veterans Affairs Million Veteran Program
FinnGen
23andMe Research Team
Jürgen DeckertDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. deckert_j@ukw.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1008-4650
Thalia C EleySocial, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. thalia.eley@kcl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6458-0700
Manuel MattheisenInstitute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. manuel.mattheisen@dal.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8442-493X
John M HettemaPsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. hettema@tamu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0105-9034

Funding

NIMH Center Repository Supporting Stem Cell ResearchU24MH068457 · NIMH · RUTGERS THE ST UNIV OF NJ NEW BRUNSWICK · PI BRZUSTOWICZ, LINDA M, KNOWLES, JAMES A · 2003 to 2024
$213.8M
Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (VICTR) -Identifying correlates of functional immunity in SARS-CoV-2 convalescent plasmaUL1TR002243 · NCATS · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI Paul A. Harris, Wesley H Self · 2017 to 2026
$130.7M
UTAH REGIONAL CANCER CENTERP30CA042014 · NCI · UTAH STATE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM--UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI CORNELIA M ULRICH · 1986 to 2026
$72.6M
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY CTSA FOR PEDIATRIC RESEARCHUL1RR024975 · NCRR · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI BERNARD, GORDON RAPHAEL · 2007 to 2011
$45.7M
The Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (VICTR)UL1TR000445 · NCATS · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI BERNARD, GORDON RAPHAEL · 2012 to 2016
$41.4M
Utah Center for Clinical and Translational ScienceUL1TR002538 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI HESS, RACHEL, MAJERSIK, JENNIFER JUHL · 2018 to 2022
$26.0M
Identification of Genes Involved in Major Mood DisordersZIAMH002843 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI MCMAHON, FRANCIS J · 2009 to 2025
$24.5M
Pharmacogenomics of Arrhythmia TherapyU19HL065962 · NHLBI · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI RODEN, DAN M · 2010 to 2014
$17.4M
Understanding and preventing HLA-associated drug reactionsP50GM115305 · NIGMS · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI PHILLIPS, ELIZABETH · 2015 to 2019
$13.0M
International Cohort Collection for Bipolar DisorderR01MH085542 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI SMOLLER, JORDAN W · 2008 to 2012
$10.7M
THE GENETICS OF VULNERABILITY TO NICOTINE ADDICTIONSR01DA012854 · NIDA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI MADDEN, PAMELA ANN · 2000 to 2013
$10.4M
The Genetic Epemiology of Multiple SclerosisR01NS032830 · NINDS · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI HAINES, JONATHAN L · 1995 to 2010
$8.9M
Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia) 312073BLRD VA IK2 BX005058Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (Brain & Behavior Research Foundation) 28599Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (Brain & Behavior Research Foundation) 28632Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (Federal Ministry of Education and Research) 01KU2004CSRD VA I01 CX001849Department of Health National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) 1113400, 1173790Department of Health National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) 1145645Department of Health National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) 1161356Department of Health National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) APP117291Department of Health National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) APP2017176Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) 542489987Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) TR CRC 58EC European Regional Development Fund (Europski Fond za Regionalni Razvoj) 2014-2020.4.01.15-0012Eesti Teadusagentuur (Estonian Research Council) PRG184, PSG615Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung (Else Kroner-Fresenius Foundation) 2019_A127EPA EP-C-15-001Exzellenzclusters Entzündungsforschung (Excellence Cluster "Inflammation at Interfaces") EXC 2151 - 390873048Forskningsrådet om Hälsa, Arbetsliv och Välfärd (Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare) 2018-00221, 2021-00132Intramural NIH HHS ZIA MH002843Jacobs Foundation 2023-1510-00Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) KNAW PAH/6635Manatu Hauora Health Research Council of New Zealand (HRC) 16/600Ministry of Health and Care Services Helse Sør-Øst RHF (Southern and Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority) #2020022, #2018058, #2021045NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000445NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002243NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002538NCI NIH HHS P30 CA042014NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR025141NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024975NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG004798NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG006378NHLBI NIH HHS U19 HL065962NIAAA NIH HHS K25 AA030072NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA007535NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA013320NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA013321NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA013326NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA014041NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD042157NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD074711NIDA NIH HHS K08 DA019951NIDA NIH HHS R00 DA023549NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA011301NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA012854NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA024413NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA025109NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA054313NIDA NIH HHS R56 DA012854NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA024413NIGMS NIH HHS P50 GM115305NIGMS NIH HHS RC2 GM092618NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM080178NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH093731NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH080230NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH048085NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH063671NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH063970NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH066206NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH068521NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH077874NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH081802NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH085542NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH113665NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH118239NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH122412NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH123489NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH123619NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH124847NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH124851NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH125938NIMH NIH HHS R25 MH101076NIMH NIH HHS RC2 MH089951NIMH NIH HHS RC2 MH089995NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH109514NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH109528NIMH NIH HHS U24 MH068457NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS032830Norges Forskningsråd (Research Council of Norway) 223273, 324252, 324499Norges Forskningsråd (Research Council of Norway) #274611Norges Forskningsråd (Research Council of Norway) #274611, #324620Norges Forskningsråd (Research Council of Norway) #324620RCUK Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) ES/V011650/1RCUK Medical Research Council (MRC) MRC-MC_PC_17209RCUK Medical Research Council (MRC) MR/V012878/1RCUK MRC Medical Research Foundation 217065/Z/19/ZRCUK MRC Medical Research Foundation MC_PC_17209, MR/S035818/1Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsen (Kristian Gerhard Jebsen Foundation) SKGJ-MED-021University of Oslo Livsvitenskap, Universitetet i Oslo (UiO:Life Science) NordForsk #164218U.S. Department of Health & Human Services NIH National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) UL1 RR024975-01U.S. Department of Health & Human Services NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) T32GM080178U.S. Department of Health & Human Services NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) 1U01MH109528 01U.S. Department of Health & Human Services NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) 5R01MH124847U.S. Department of Health & Human Services NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) MH101076U.S. Department of Health & Human Services NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) R01MH045268, R01MH068521U.S. Department of Health & Human Services NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) R01MH113665U.S. Department of Health & Human Services NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) R01MH122412, R01MH123489U.S. Department of Health & Human Services NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) R01 MH123619, R01 MH123489U.S. Department of Health & Human Services NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) R01MH125938U.S. Department of Health & Human Services NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) ZIAMH002843U.S. Department of Health & Human Services NIH National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) K25AA030072U.S. Department of Health & Human Services NIH National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) U01DA024413, R01DA025109, R01DA054313U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (Department of Veterans Affairs) 1IK2BX005058-01A2Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council) 2018- 02487Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust (Wellcome) 084268/Z/07/ZWellcome Trust (Wellcome) 104036/Z/14/Z, 216767/Z/19/Z, 220857/Z/20/Z, 223165/Z/21/Z, 226770/Z/22/ZWellcome Trust (Wellcome) 202802/Z/16/ZWellcome Trust (Wellcome) 226770/Z/22/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The major anxiety disorders (ANX; including generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder and phobias) are highly prevalent, often onset early and cause substantial global disability. Although distinct in their clinical presentations, they probably represent differential expressions of a dysregulated threat-response system. Here, we present a genome-wide association meta-analysis comprising 122,341 European ancestry ANX cases and 729,881 controls. We identified 58 independent genome-wide significant risk variants and 66 genes with robust biological support. In an independent sample of 1,175,012 self-report ANX cases and 1,956,379 controls, 51 out of the 58 associations replicated. As predicted by twin studies, we found substantial genetic correlation between ANX and depression, neuroticism and other internalizing phenotypes. Follow-up analyses demonstrated enrichment in all major brain regions and highlighted GABAergic signaling as one potential mechanism implicated in ANX genetic risk. These results advance our understanding of the genetic architecture of ANX and prioritize genes for functional follow-up studies.

Indexed as

Anxiety Disordersgamma-Aminobutyric AcidGenome-Wide Association StudySignal TransductionWhite PeopleCase-Control StudiesEuropean PeopleGeneralized Anxiety DisorderGenetic LociGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansPolymorphism, Single Nucleotidegamma-Aminobutyric Acid

Identifiers

PMID41634414
PMCPMC12900644

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