ArticleEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2026
Effect of type‑II diabetes mellitus on swallowing difficulty, swallowing anxiety, laryngeal function, and water swallowing performance.
Article in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundType-II Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disorder in people who are over 65 years of age. It can lead to incoordination and weakness of the swallowing muscles, causing difficulty with swallowing.
objectiveTo assess swallowing difficulty, swallowing anxiety, laryngeal function, and water swallowing performance in TII-DM patients. STUDY
designProspective case-control study.
methodsA total of 166 elderly individuals (106 females and 78 Type-II DM) were included in the present study. Self-reported swallowing difficulty, self-reported swallowing anxiety, handgrip strength, maximum phonation time, and water swallowing performance were evaluated.
resultsThere was a difference between the groups in terms of body mass index (BMI), self-reported swallowing difficulty, self-reported swallowing anxiety, handgrip strength, and maximum phonation time (p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p:0.002; p:0.023, respectively) BMI, self-reported Swallowing Difficulty scores, and self-reported Swallowing Anxiety scores of elderly individuals with Type II DM were higher than those in the control group. In contrast, grip strength and maximum phonation time values were lower. There was no difference between the groups in terms of age, number of swallows, Swallowing Time, Swallow Volume, Swallow Speed, and Swallow Capacity values (p:0.727; p:0.141; p:0.933; p:0.141; p:0.277; p:0.933, respectively).
conclusionSwallowing function, laryngeal function, and grip strength were found to be negatively affected in elderly individuals with TII DM compared to those without the condition. On the contrary, it was found that it did not affect water swallowing performance. Swallowing anxiety can be considered an important criterion that should be evaluated in elderly people with Type-II DM. Studies investigating solid food swallowing performance in individuals with Type-II DM, where swallowing muscle strength is more clearly required, are needed.
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