Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41633990›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Neurocognitive characterization of behaviour and mental illness through time-varying brain network analysis.

Xiao Chang, Tianye Jia, Zening Fu, Shitong Xiang, Yunman Xia, Chao Xie, Jiyan Zou, Miao Cao, Jie Zhang, Tobias Banaschewski and 26 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

36 authors.

Xiao Chang *Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China. xchang@fudan.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8076-8110
Tianye Jia *Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5399-2953
Zening FuTri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Shitong XiangInstitute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5513-4714
Yunman XiaInstitute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2593-9252
Chao XieInstitute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Jiyan ZouInstitute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Miao CaoInstitute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0003-617X
Jie ZhangInstitute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Tobias BanaschewskiDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-1144
Arun L W BokdeDiscipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-4914
Sylvane DesrivièresSocial, Genetic, Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9120-7060
Herta FlorInstitute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4809-5398
Antoine GrigisNeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.
Hugh GaravanDepartments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8939-1014
Penny GowlandSir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4900-4817
Andreas HeinzDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, and German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), site Tübingen, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5405-9065
Rüdiger BrühlPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0111-5996
Jean-Luc MartinotInstitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U 1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0136-0388
Marie-Laure Paillère MartinotInstitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U 1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Eric ArtigesInstitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U 1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4461-7646
Frauke NeesDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-8234
Dimitri Papadopoulos OrfanosNeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1242-8990
Vincent FrouinNeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9360-6623
Luise PoustkaDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Sarah HohmannDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5175-6698
Christian BaeuchlDepartment of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1965-906X
Michael N SmolkaDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5398-5569
Nilakshi VaidyaCentre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4600-7158
Henrik WalterDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-6121
Robert WhelanSchool of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2790-7281
Jianfeng FengInstitute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5987-2258
Vince D CalhounTri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9058-0747
Gunter SchumannCentre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), ISTBI, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. gunter.schumann1961@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7740-6469
IMAGEN Consortium
EnvironMENTAL Consortium

Funding

Training U54EB020403 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI THOMPSON, PAUL M · 2014 to 2018
$10.1M
A decentralized macro and micro gene-by-environment interaction analysis of substance use behavior and its brain biomarkers R01DA049238 · NIDA · GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI CALHOUN, VINCE D, LIU, JINGYU · 2019 to 2023
$2.9M
ENIGMA World Aging CenterR56AG058854 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI THOMPSON, PAUL M · 2018 to 2018
$683k
National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82102138NIA NIH HHS R56 AG058854NIBIB NIH HHS U54 EB020403NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA049238
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human cognitive processing involves dynamic interactions across brain regions, evolving over time. Traditional neuroimaging analysis often overlooks this temporal aspect, limiting insights into how functional network connectivity (FNC) supports ongoing cognition and behaviour. Using sliding window analysis, we captured FNC changes during tasks, reflecting network reconfiguration in cognitive processes. We further determined behavioural relevance of time-varying FNC by relating network measurements with task performances and psychopathology. We found that several whole-brain FNC patterns, or states, persist across resting and task-based fMRI, with state occurrences fluctuating with the most prominent task stimuli. Regional FNC distinguishes specific task conditions, and time-varying FNC explains more variance in psychopathology symptoms compared to static connectivity. These findings highlight that cognitive tasks reshape regional and whole-brain connectivity. By considering the different FNC states, time-varying connectivity provides a more comprehensive representation of brain interactions and thus may represent a better neural proxy for cognition and behaviour.

Indexed as

BrainCognitionMental DisordersNerve NetAdultBrain MappingFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID41633990
PMCPMC12877127

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.