Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41632248›Full record

ArticleNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2026

Development of cytarabine-loaded pH-responsive polymeric hydrogel: an in vitro and in vivo evaluation.

Shaheer Khalid, Sharjeel Adnan, Asif Mahmood, Rai Muhammad Sarfraz, Hira Ijaz, Muhammad Farooq, Bilal Haroon

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Article in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shaheer KhalidFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
Sharjeel AdnanFaculty of Pharmacy, Grand Asian University Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan.
Asif MahmoodFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. asif.mahmood@putrasul.edu.pk.
Rai Muhammad SarfrazCollege of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan.
Hira IjazDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mang, Khanpur Road, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 22620, Pakistan. pharmacisthira@gmail.com.
Muhammad FarooqFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
Bilal HaroonCollege of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a pH-responsive polymeric hydrogel for the controlled delivery of cytarabine for the treatment of acute leukemia. The polymeric hydrogel was synthesized via free radical polymerization using pluronic acid F127, PEG-800, and agarose as a polymer, and crosslinked via methylene bis acrylamide. The optimized formulation (PPA12) was investigated for cytarabine loading (%), thermal analysis, compatibility of formulation ingredients, swelling trend, morphology, release kinetics, and toxicity in rabbits. Cytarabine loading increased with increase in ratio of polymer, monomer, and pH. The developed hydrogels exhibited excellent swelling behavior at pH 7.4. Cytarabine release occurred in a controlled fashion over a time period of 24 h. Based on the regression coefficient (R

Indexed as

Antimetabolites, AntineoplasticCytarabineDrug CarriersHydrogelsAnimalsDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug LiberationHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMalePoloxamerPolyethylene GlycolsPolymersRabbitsSepharoseAntimetabolites, AntineoplasticCytarabineDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug CarriersHydrogelsPoloxamerPolyethylene GlycolsPolymersSepharoseAgaroseControlled drug releaseCytarabineLeukemiaMethacrylic acidPEG-8000Pluronic acid F127

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.