ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2026
Cerebral Malaria and Severe Malarial Anemia, but not Other Forms of Severe Malaria, Are Associated With Long-Term Cognitive Impairment.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Estimating Causal Effects of Malaria Infection on Anaemia Among Children Under Five Years in Uganda: Evidence From a Cross-Sectional Malaria Indicator Survey.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Not All Forms of Severe Malaria Impair Long-term Cognition-More Characterization, More Questions.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
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Abstract
backgroundCerebral malaria (CM) and severe malarial anemia (SMA) are associated with long-term cognitive impairment in children, but little is known about cognitive impairment in children with other forms of severe malaria.
methodsIn this prospective cohort study of 600 Ugandan children 6 months to 4 years of age with 1 or more of the 5 most common forms of severe malaria (CM, respiratory distress, malaria with multiple seizures, SMA, or prostration), overall cognitive ability, attention, and associative memory were evaluated 12 months after hospital discharge. Age-adjusted z-scores for each domain were calculated from the scores of community children (CC) with no acute illness. Groups were compared using linear regression adjusted for potential confounding factors.
resultsChildren with CM or SMA had significantly lower overall cognition scores than CC (mean difference [95% CI]: CM -0.66 [-1.12, -0.21], P = .001, SMA -0.71 [-1.05, -0.37], P < .001), and a greater proportion of children with CM (5/47, 10.6%) or SMA (17/140, 12.1%) had cognitive impairment (z-score < -2) than CC (2/104, 1.9%, P = .003 and 0.018, respectively). Cognition scores did not differ significantly between children with respiratory distress, multiple seizures or prostration and CC. Attention and associative memory scores did not differ significantly between children with any form of severe malaria and CC.
conclusionsCM and SMA, but not other forms of severe malaria, are associated with long-term cognitive impairment in children <5 years of age.
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