Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41631402›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental science & technology2026

Exposure to Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs) in Assisted Living Facilities: Implications for Older Adults.

Minghao Kong, Tret Burdette, Raghu Sanath Kumar, Claire Dempsey, Parinya Panuwet, Amina Salamova

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental science & technology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Minghao KongGangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
Tret BurdetteCenter for Applied Isotope Studies, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-0719-1359
Raghu Sanath KumarGangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
Claire DempseyDepartment of Public Health, Agnes Scott College, Atlanta, Georgia 30030, United States.
Parinya PanuwetGangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
Amina SalamovaGangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2174-030X

Funding

Pilot Project ProgramP30ES019776 · NIEHS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI William Michael Caudle · 2013 to 2026
$22.6M
Graduate and Postdoctoral Training in ToxicologyT32ES012870 · NIEHS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Carmen Joseph Marsit · 2004 to 2026
$9.1M
Assessing Environmental Exposures to Persistent Organic Pollutants in Assisted Living FacilitiesR21NR017777 · NINR · TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY · PI SHAW, JOSEPH R. · 2019 to 2020
$436k
NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES019776NIEHS NIH HHS T32 ES012870NINR NIH HHS R21 NR017777
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are commonly used in disinfecting and personal care products for their antimicrobial, surfactant, and preservative properties. This study provides the first comprehensive assessment of QACs in assisted living facilities through the analysis of 19 QACs from three different QAC subgroups in indoor dust and air samples collected from three assisted living facilities in Indiana, United States (US), as well as in wristbands worn by the residents and staff of these facilities. The medians of the total QAC concentrations (∑QAC, the sum of 19 QAC concentrations) were 151,000 ng/g in dust, 3.17 ng/m

Indexed as

Assisted Living FacilitiesQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsAgedAir Pollution, IndoorDustHumansDustQuaternary Ammonium Compoundsdustindoor airindoor exposureolder adultsquaternary ammonium compoundswristbands

Identifiers

PMID41631402
PMCPMC12918522

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.