ArticleBiochemistry and biophysics reports2025
Circulating miRNAs combined with AFP improve diagnostic accuracy for HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in Biochemistry and biophysics reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains challenging due to the suboptimal diagnostic accuracy of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), given their blood stability and role in cancer biology, have emerged as promising non-invasive biomarkers. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of serum miR-21-5p, miR-34a-5p, and miR-30d-3p, individually and in combination with AFP, for distinguishing HBV-related HCC from chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and liver cirrhosis (LC) in a Vietnamese patient cohort. Methods: A total of 450 participants were recruited, including 150 patients with HBV-related HCC, 150 with HBV-related LC, and 150 with CHB. Serum miRNA expression levels were quantified using RT-qPCR and were assessed for the diagnostic performance using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Expression of circulating miR-21-5p, miR-34a-5p, and miR-30d-3p was significantly upregulated in HCC patients compared to those with CHB and LC (p < 0.001). In which, miR-21-5p presented the highest relative increase, with a 5.43-fold elevation versus CHB. Generalized linear models incorporating single miRNAs (GLM1-3) adjusted for age and gender achieved AUCs = 0.74-0.75 (HCC vs LC); 0.82-0.83 (HCC vs. non-HCC), and 0.9-0.92 (HCC vs. CHB). Notably, the 3-miRNA model adjusted for age and gender (GLM7) demonstrated strong discriminatory power: AUC = 0.92 (HCC vs. CHB), 0.75 (HCC vs. LC), and 0.83 (HCC vs. non-HCC). When AFP was integrated, diagnostic performance improved markedly across all comparisons: AUC = 0.97 (HCC vs. CHB), 0.84 (HCC vs. LC), and 0.91 (HCC vs. non-HCC). Conclusion: Combining circulating miR-21-5p, miR-34a-5p, and miR-30d-3p with AFP significantly enhances diagnostic accuracy for HBV-related HCC, supporting their utility as complementary non-invasive biomarkers for early screening.
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