Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41630788›Full record

ArticleNeuroimage. Reports2026

Functional connectivity of youth in family-like residential care in Japan: Impact of reactive attachment disorder and disinhibited social engagement disorder symptoms.

Shoko Shimada, Toshiki Iwabuchi, Motofumi Sumiya, Koji Shimada, Shinichiro Takiguchi, Kai Makita, Akiko Yao, Takashi X Fujisawa, Atsushi Senju, Akemi Tomoda

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Neuroimage. Reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Shoko ShimadaUnited Graduate School of Child Development, The University of Osaka, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Toshiki IwabuchiUnited Graduate School of Child Development, The University of Osaka, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Motofumi SumiyaUnited Graduate School of Child Development, The University of Osaka, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Koji ShimadaResearch Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuokashimoaitsuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
Shinichiro TakiguchiDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, 23-3 Matsuokashimoaitsuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
Kai MakitaResearch Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuokashimoaitsuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
Akiko YaoResearch Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuokashimoaitsuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
Takashi X FujisawaUnited Graduate School of Child Development, The University of Osaka, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Atsushi SenjuUnited Graduate School of Child Development, The University of Osaka, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Akemi TomodaUnited Graduate School of Child Development, The University of Osaka, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adverse childhood experiences are a risk factor for attachment disorders. While several neuroimaging studies have shown changes in functional networks in children who have experienced institutional care, the results are inconsistent. Furthermore, no research has been conducted on how structured residential care, such as Japan's small-group family-style care, influences attachment-related symptoms and functional connectivity. This study compared attachment-related symptoms (reactive attachment disorder [RAD] and disinhibited social engagement disorder [DSED] symptoms) between youth aged 9-18 years raised in Japanese small-group residential care (RC; n = 31) and those raised in birth families but not in RC (NRC; n = 37). Group differences in resting-state functional connectivity were also analyzed using multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. MVPA revealed group differences in whole-brain functional connectivity patterns from the right occipital pole and the left lingual gyrus (LLG). Functional connectivity between the LLG and the frontal medial cortex (FMC) was reduced in RC youth. LLG-FMC connectivity was positively correlated with RAD scores, while longer duration of stay in RC was negatively correlated with RAD symptoms. This study highlights caregiving environment's influence on attachment-related symptoms and functional connectivity, higher levels of RAD and DSED symptoms and reduced LLG-FMC functional connectivity in the RC group. However, this study further demonstrated not only the association between longer stays in family-like RC and the reduction of RAD symptoms but also changes in the connectivity. These findings suggest that stable, high-quality care may have the potential to mitigate adverse developmental outcomes.

Indexed as

DSEDfMRIFunctional connectivityNeurodevelopmental resilienceRADResidential care

Identifiers

PMID41630788
PMCPMC12860606

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.