ArticleEuropean journal of medical research2026
Circulating cell-free DNA as a biomarker for immune function and disease progression in HIV-infected patients: a cross-sectional observational study.
Article in European journal of medical research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) causes immune deficiency, particularly CD4+T-cell depletion. This cross-sectional study explored circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) as a biomarker for immune function and disease progression in HIV-1-infected individuals.
methodsWe measured ccfDNA levels, CD4+T-cell counts, immune activation/apoptosis markers, and viral load in 79 patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (37 immune responders, 42 non-responders) and 35 controls. Correlation and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to assess relationships between ccfDNA and immunological/virological parameters.
resultsccfDNA negatively correlated with CD4+T-cell counts (r = - 0.78, P < 0.01) and positively correlated with viral load (r = 0.58, P < 0.01) and T-cell immune activation/apoptosis markers (r = 0.78 ~ 0.89, P < 0.01). Multivariate regression showed CD4+T-cell counts independently associated with lower ccfDNA, while CD4+AnnexinV+, CD8+PD1+, and CD8+AnnexinV+T cells correlated with higher ccfDNA. ROC analysis (area under curve = 0.799) indicated ccfDNA's potential as a complementary biomarker for monitoring HIV-1 patients.
conclusionsPreliminary evidence from this study indicates that ccfDNA levels are closely linked to immune dysfunction and may have potential as a complementary biomarker for monitoring immune status in HIV-1-infected patients.
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