Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41627960›Full record

ArticleSouthern medical journal2026

Can Medical Students Learn the Pediatric Musculoskeletal Examination Independently?

Kimberly L Hays, Natasha M Ruth, Paul J Nietert, Lutfiyya N Muhammad, Michele Knoll Watson, Patricia McBurney

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Southern medical journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kimberly L HaysFrom the Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
Natasha M RuthDepartment of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
Paul J NietertDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
Lutfiyya N MuhammadDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
Michele Knoll WatsonCollege of Medicine/Dean's Office, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
Patricia McBurneyDepartment of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.ORCID 0009-0006-0455-9081

Funding

Resource CoreP30AR072582 · NIAMS · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI JAMES C OATES · 2017 to 2026
$8.5M
NIAMS NIH HHS P30 AR072582
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe objective was to investigate whether medical students can learn a pediatric musculoskeletal examination independently by studying the pediatric Gait, Arms, Legs, and Spine (pGALS) assessment.

methodsFourth-year medical students were surveyed in 2018 regarding confidence and experience with the pediatric musculoskeletal training. Students performed an initial scored musculoskeletal examination on a standardized pediatric patient reporting chronic joint concerns. The total score had a theoretic range from 0 to 42, and scoring was based on the pGALS examination for children presenting with joint pain. Subsequently, students watched training pGALS videos. After this intervention, students completed follow-up physical examinations and surveys.

resultsFourteen graduating medical students participated. Of these students, 12 students planned to enter a pediatric residency. On the initial survey, participants were the least confident in their pediatric musculoskeletal examination skills compared with all other pediatric physical examinations. Before the pGALS training, 21.4% of participants reported being confident or very confident in their pediatric musculoskeletal examination skills, compared with 100% of participants after training (

conclusionsGraduating medical students may not be confident nor proficient at the pediatric musculoskeletal examination. Instruction in the pGALS assessment may be a low-cost and efficient way to improve confidence and proficiency in the pediatric musculoskeletal examination.

Indexed as

Musculoskeletal DiseasesPediatricsPhysical ExaminationStudents, MedicalChildClinical CompetenceEducation, Medical, UndergraduateFemaleHumansMaleSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID41627960
PMCPMC13072689

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.