ArticleClinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society2026
Characteristics and outcomes of patients with heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in relation to sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor treatment: real-world data from the multicentre H
Article in Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04844944 (The Helios Heart Registry), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Helios Heart Registry: A Standardized Registry for Capturing Clinical and Patient-reported Outcomes in Patients With Specific Cardiac Diseases: Application of the ICHOM Standard in Clinical Practice
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHeart failure (HF), including heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), remains a major public health issue with increasing disease burden. Recent advances, particularly data on sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), have shifted HFrEF treatment paradigms based on strong evidence from randomised-controlled trials (RCTs). There is a lack of data reflecting HFrEF patient outcomes in relation to SGLT2i treatment in a real-world environment.
methodsThe ongoing H
resultsOf 810 HFrEF patients (513 SGLT2i, 297 no-SGLT2i), the median age was 70 years, and 23% were female. Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. Median LVEF was 30%, and 39% had type 2 diabetes. Use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, beta-blockers, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) was more common in the SGLT2i group. Patients treated with SGLT2i at baseline had significantly lower all-cause mortality during FU in unadjusted time-to-event analyses (HR [95% CI] 0.53 [0.33-0.88]; p = 0.012). However, in multivariate analyses, only MRA treatment was independently associated with reduced mortality risk during FU (HR [95% CI] 0.41 [0.23-0.74]; p = 0.003). In a sub-cohort of patients being continuously treated with an SGLT2i during FU, the observed effect of SGLT2i was more pronounced (unadjusted HR [95% CI] 0.46 [0.28-0.77], p = 0.0023), and continuous SGLT2i treatment was significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality in multivariate analyses (adjusted HR [95% CI] 0.54 [0.30-0.99], p = 0.046).
conclusionIn this prospective German HF registry, SGLT2i treatment was significantly associated with reduced all-cause mortality in HFrEF patients only with continuous use during FU. Treatment with MRA was independently associated with lower all-cause mortality in all performed analyses. These findings add to the available body of evidence regarding the real-world effectiveness of SGLT2i in HFrEF.
trial registrationNCT04844944.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41627441What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.