ArticleFrontiers in public health2025
Adherence to the Healthy Low-Carbohydrate Diet and incident depression and anxiety.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Perceptions and Emotions Toward Diets and Supplements Among Reddit Users With Functional/Dissociative Seizures and Their Caregivers: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of r/PNESsupport.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Joint association of a healthy low-carbohydrate diet and frailty with the risk of incident Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Background: This study investigated the prospective associations between adherence to a Healthy Low-Carbohydrate Diet (HLCD) and incident depression, anxiety, and their comorbidity, and explored the mediating role of inflammation. Methods: This cohort study analyzed 173,207 participants from the UK Biobank. The HLCD score was calculated based on the intake of total carbohydrate, vegetable protein, and unsaturated fat. Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic splines were used to examine linear and non-linear associations, respectively. Mediation analyses assessed the contribution of inflammatory markers. Results: Compared with the lowest HLCD score group (scores 0-6), the lowest risks were observed in the third group (scores 13-18) for depression (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.705, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.626-0.793), the fifth group (scores 25-30) for anxiety (HR: 0.791, 95% CI: 0.688-0.909), and the second group (scores 7-12) for comorbidity (HR: 0.673, 95% CI: 0.555-0.816). Restricted cubic splines revealed non-linear, "L"-shaped associations between HLCD scores and the risks of all three outcomes (all P for non-linearity < 0.05). Mediation analyses indicated that white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and the low-grade chronic inflammation score played statistically significant but weak mediating roles in these associations. Conclusions: Higher adherence to an HLCD is associated with reduced risks of depression, anxiety, and their comorbidity, potentially following a non-linear threshold pattern. While inflammation acts as a mediator, its modest contribution suggests that other biological mechanisms may also play pivotal roles in this protective relationship.
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