"Uncle maria you look beautiful": Experiences of family acceptance among transgender women of color in South Florida.

Introduction: This qualitative study aimed to explore the dynamics between transgender women of color and their family members through the lens of the minority stress framework. Transgender women of color are more at risk of negative health and social outcomes compared to other LGBTQIA+ populations due to discrimination and transphobia based on racial/ethnic and transgender identity (minority stress). While caregivers and siblings can help buffer the negative impact of minority stress, behaviors such as rejection, aggression, and indifference to transgender identity can elevate mental and physical health risks. Methods: A secondary qualitative analysis from in-depth interviews and focus groups ( Results: In response to questions about family member relationships, four overarching themes emerged: 1) family aggression, 2) sociocultural and religious barriers, 3) a spectrum of acceptance, and 4) external support networks. Transgender women of color may experience direct and indirect forms of minority stress by family members, including stressors from those they consider accepting of their transgender identity. Additionally, participants reported having to expend resilience resources even among family members deemed as accepting. In many instances, family attitudes toward transfeminine identity were based on rigid sociocultural norms and religious views. Conclusions: Given the unique, chronic, and socially constructed stress experienced throughout the lifespan of transgender women of color, culturally competent research should focus on strengthening and educating family member relationships perceived as supportive as well as fostering individual and community resilience strategies.