ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2025
Periodized carbohydrate intake influences metabolic flexibility and indices of running economy during endurance training in recreationally active males.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Purpose: Limited research has explored the long-term impact of diet periodization on metabolism, performance, and body composition. This eight-week study examined the effects of long-term periodized carbohydrate (CHO) intake on performance, substrate utilization, and body composition in recreationally active males. Methods: Twenty-four runners (V̇O Results: While performance improved over time, no significant differences were found between groups. However, running economy at lactate threshold only improved in the PER group ( Conclusion: A LCHF diet increased fat oxidation while reducing carbohydrate utilization during exercise. Reintroduction of carbohydrates restored substrate utilization patterns, indicating reversible changes in metabolic flexibility. However, no clear effects on performance outcomes were observed. These findings suggest that periodized carbohydrate intake primarily influences metabolic responses rather than performance, and further research using performance-based assessments is warranted. These adaptations appear to be predominantly metabolic and physiological in nature. Clinical trial registration: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/VM7KB.
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