Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41623521›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in health services2025

Establishing usable innovations.

Dean L Fixsen, Melissa K Van Dyke, Karen A Blase

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in health services, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. A general framework for fidelity assessment.Frontiers in health services · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Dean L FixsenActive Implementation Research Network, Inc., Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Melissa K Van DykeActive Implementation Research Network, Inc., Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Karen A BlaseActive Implementation Research Network, Inc., Albuquerque, NM, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The persistence of the science to service gap is evidence that evidence is not enough when defining evidence-based programs. Innovations must be developed with attention to the internal and external validity of the innovations themselves so that innovations can be replicated and scaled. This paper outlines the requirements for establishing an innovation, recommends standards for a usable innovation, and describes the usability testing processes to meet those requirements. Usability testing is a systematic process to efficiently and effectively determine the essential components and to develop a fidelity measure for an innovation. Usability testing is the foundation for research to establish the internal validity ("the basic minimum without which any experiment is uninterpretable") and external validity ("asks the question of generalizability") of the innovation itself. Once the essential components of a usable innovation are defined, measured, and linked with outcomes, implementation and scaling of usable innovations with fidelity can narrow the science to service gap.

Indexed as

evidence-based programfidelityscalingusability testingusable innovation

Identifiers

PMID41623521
PMCPMC12855543

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.