ArticleNatural products and bioprospecting2026
Clerodane diterpenoid glycosides from the tuberous roots of Paratinospora sagittata: targeted isolation, structure characterization and immunomodulatory properties.
Article in Natural products and bioprospecting, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Guided by the MS/MS-based molecular networking, eight previously undescribed clerodane diterpenoid glycosides, designated tinospinosides F-M (1-8), along with 12 known analogues (9-20), were isolated from the tuberous roots of Paratinospora sagittata. Structural elucidation of the undescribed compounds was achieved through comprehensive spectroscopic analyses (NMR, HRESIMS), with their absolute configurations confirmed via single-crystal X-ray diffraction, TD-DFT/ECD computational analyses, and chemical degradation. Immunomodulation evaluation on all the isolates revealed that compounds 6 and 7 exerted significant promoting effect toward NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages. Further study demonstrated that 6 could enhance the release of immune cytokines (e.g., TNF-α) and upregulate the protein expression of iNOS and COX-2, which was potentially mediated through the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.
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