Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41622326›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Gait adaptations to walker-assisted locomotion in elderly: a principal component analysis of spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters.

Arlindo Elias, Matheus Loureiro, Fabiana Machado, Anselmo Frizera

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Walking as a Window to the Brain: Redefining Gait in Neurology.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Arlindo EliasGraduate Program in Physiotherapy, Estacio de Sa University, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
Matheus LoureiroGraduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
Fabiana MachadoGraduate Program in Informatics, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
Anselmo FrizeraGraduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil. anselmo.frizera-neto@ufes.br.

Funding

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 308155/2023-8, 402080/2025-4, 445343/2025-7Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Funding Code 001Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos 0036/21, 2784/20Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação do Espírito Santo 2025-3N254, 2022-C5K3H, 2021-07KJ2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigated gait adaptations in elderly individuals by comparing normal walking with walker-assisted gait through a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of spatiotemporal parameters and sagittal plane kinematics, which are less influenced by intersubject variability. Fourteen unimpaired older adults performed two walking tasks: unassisted gait, and walker-assisted gait with a smart walker designed to enhance stability and support during locomotion. Gait data were acquired using a wearable 3D motion capture system based on inertial measurement units. The results showed that combining joint kinematics and spatiotemporal metrics provides a more comprehensive perspective of gait domains in older adults. In normal walking, distinct components were identified, including pace/variability, asymmetry, rhythm, base of support, and step length, while the incorporation of kinematic data further delineated specific motion patterns of the knee, ankle, and hip joints. Walker-assisted gait exhibited slower pace, increased temporal variability, modifications in the base of support and increased hip flexion throughout the gait cycle. Additionally, this modality exhibited two new gait domains related to swing phase mechanics and step dynamics. These findings form a biomechanical foundation that isolates device-induced adaptations and can be used to tailor rehabilitation protocols and smart walker designs aimed at promoting safe and effective locomotion in older adults.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalGaitLocomotionWalkersWalkingAgedBiomechanical PhenomenaFemaleHumansMaleMotion CapturePrincipal Component Analysis

Identifiers

PMID41622326
PMCPMC12917266

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.