Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41622294›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Acoustic shape-morphing micromachines.

Xiaoyu Su, Lei Wang, Zhaozhong Wang, Le Yang, Mingjie Li, Dazhao Zhu, Zhijun Li, Weizheng Yuan, Honglong Chang, Binglu Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Xiaoyu Su *School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7792-9841
Lei Wang *School of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics, Peking University, Beijing, China. lei_wang@stu.pku.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7496-908X
Zhaozhong WangSchool of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-9461-8237
Le YangSchool of Electronics and Control Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China.
Mingjie LiAcademy of Arts and Design, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Dazhao ZhuYZQ Instruments Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China.
Zhijun LiSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. zjli@ieee.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3909-488X
Weizheng YuanSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China. yuanwz@nwpu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9490-7188
Honglong ChangSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China. changhl@nwpu.edu.cn.
Binglu WangSchool of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China. wbl921129@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9266-4685

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Shape-morphing mechanisms help organisms adapt to their environment and have inspired applications in advanced systems. Designing microrobots that are both miniaturized and capable of fast shape changes is challenging, as performance can be weakened at small scales. Ultrasound offers advantages such as fast response, repeatability, and programmability, making it suitable for enabling shape-morphing microrobots. Here, we introduce an acoustic micromachine composed of two microbubbles connected by a microhinge. Acoustic-field excitation generates interaction forces between the bubbles, enabling complete micromachine deformation within milliseconds. We also present design principles for programmable acoustic deformation, enabling both forward and inverse design, precise control, and information storage. By tuning the excitation amplitude, the micromachine can switch between multiple modes. As proof of concept, microlotus and microbird structures are demonstrated with controllable and stable performance.

Identifiers

PMID41622294
PMCPMC12963488

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.